Organochlorine pesticide residues in maternal blood, cord blood, placenta, and breastmilk and their relation to birth size
Organochlorine pesticide residues in maternal blood, cord blood, placenta, and breastmilk and their relation to birth size
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.09.083
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Banerjee, Basu Dev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dewan, Pooja;Jain, Vikas;Banerjee, Basu Dev
越来越多的人担心，像有机氯农药（OCPs）这样的持久性有机污染物会损害胎儿的生长并影响出生尺寸。然而，目前可获得的流行病学证据尚无定论。在本病例对照研究中，我们研究了暴露于六氯环己烷（HCH）及其异构体（-HCH、-HCH和-HCH）、二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDT）和二氯二苯二氯乙烯（DDE）与出生尺寸之间的关系。我们招募了60对婴儿-母亲，包括30个足月，小于胎龄的婴儿和他们的母亲（病例组），另外30个足月，适合胎龄的婴儿和他们的母亲（对照组）。本研究于2009年3月至2010年2月在印度德里的一家三级医院进行。采用气液色谱法测定了母体血液、脐带血、胎盘和母乳样品中的有机氯农药含量。通过简单线性回归将母体血液中OCP水平与脐带血和母乳中的OCP水平相关联，评估OCP经胎盘和经乳腺转移。新生儿出生体重、冠跟长、头围、臂中围、腹壁指数与母体血、脐带血、胎盘、母乳中OCP含量相关。比较病例和对照组样本的OCP估计值。所有ocp经胎盘转移显著（P < 0.001），但除α - hch外，大多数ocp经乳腺转移不显著。病例组OCP水平高于对照组；脐带血和母乳中的t-六氯环己烷含量明显更高；母体血液、脐带血和母乳中的乙型六氯环己烷；胎盘中的DDE和母乳中的DDT。出生体重与母体血液（P = 0.022）、脐带血（P < 0.001）、胎盘（P = 0.008）、母乳（P = 0.005）中t-HCH含量呈显著负相关；脐带血β - hch （P < 0.001）、胎盘β - hch (P = 0.020)；胎盘中γ - hch含量（P = 0.045）；和DDT （P = 0.009）。出生时体长与脐带血（P = 0.014）和母乳中t-HCH呈显著负相关（P < 0.001）；脐带血（P = 0.016）和母乳（P = 0.012）中的乙型六氯环己烷；胎盘DDE含量（P = 0.016）；母乳中滴滴涕含量（P = 0.006）。同样，OCP水平也被发现与新生儿头围、脑指数和胸围呈负相关。我们的结论是，产前暴露于某些ocp会损害胎儿的人体测量发育，降低出生体重、身高、头围、胸围和体重指数。(C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
There is a growing concern that persistent organic pollutants like organochlonne pesticides (OCPs) can impair fetal growth and affect birth size. However, currently available epidemiological evidence is inconclusive. In this case-control study, we examined the association between exposure to hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its isomers (alpha-HCH, beta-HCH and gamma-HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and birth size. We recruited 60 infant-mother pairs, comprising of 30 term, small for gestational age babies with their mothers (Case group), and another 30 term, appropriate for gestational age babies with their mothers (Control group). This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Delhi, India, between March, 2009 and February 2010. Organochlorine pesticides were estimated in maternal blood, cord blood, placenta and breastmilk samples, using gas-liquid chromatography. Transplacental and transmammary transfer of OCPs was assessed by correlating the maternal blood OCP levels with those in cord blood and breastmilk by simple linear regression. The birthweight, crown heel length, head circumference, mid-arm circumference and ponderal index of the neonates was correlated with OCP levels in the maternal blood, cord blood, placenta and breastmilk. The OCP estimates were compared between samples of the case and control group. There was a significant (P < 0.001) transplacental transfer of all OCPs, however the transmammary transfer was insignificant for most OCPs except alpha-HCH. The OCP levels in the case group were higher than the control group; these were significantly more for t-HCH in cord blood and breastmilk; beta-HCH in maternal blood, cord blood and breastmilk; DDE in placenta and DDT in breastmilk. There was a significant negative correlation between birthweight and t-HCH levels in maternal blood (P = 0.022), cord blood (P < 0.001), placenta (P = 0.008) and breastmilk (P = 0.005); beta-HCH in cord blood (P < 0.001) and placenta (P = 0.020); gamma-HCH in placenta (P = 0.045); and DDT (P = 0.009). Length at birth had a significant negative correlation with t-HCH in cord blood (P = 0.014) and breastmilk (P < 0.001); beta-HCH in cord blood (P = 0.016) and breastmilk (P = 0.012); DDE in placenta (P = 0.016); and DDT in breastmilk (P = 0.006). Similarly, OCP levels were also found to be negatively correlated with head circumference, ponderal index and chest circumference in neonates. We conclude that prenatal exposure to some OCPs could impair the anthropometric development of the fetus, reducing the birthweight, length, head circumference, chest circumference and ponderal index. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.