Health in police officers: Role of risk factor clusters and police divisions
Health in police officers: Role of risk factor clusters and police divisions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.08.043
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Wolf, Jutta M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Habersaat, Stephanie A.;Geiger, Ashley M.;Wolf, Jutta M.
目的：执法是一种压力很大的职业，与严重的健康问题有关。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在一个特定的因素或风险因素的一个领域(例如，组织、个人)。然而，风险因素的特定组合更有可能是不同的健康相关因素，并进一步取决于警察工作的领域。方法：瑞士州警察局刑事、社区和急诊科(N=84)的自选警官小组回答了评估个人和组织风险因素以及心理和身体健康指标的问卷调查。结果：总体而言，不同部门在风险因素或健康指标方面几乎没有差异。对所有风险因素的聚类分析建立了一个高风险和低风险的集群，该集群与所有精神健康结果有重要联系。风险分组逐个分区的互动显示，在高风险分组中，急救官员报告的身体症状较少，而社区官员报告的创伤后应激症状较多。高危人群中的刑事官员往往感觉到更多的压力。结论：综上所述，我们的研究结果支持警察在风险因素和健康指标的关联过程中是一个异质人群的观点。因此，这种异质性似乎更多地取决于个人因素和个人对自己工作条件的看法，而不是特定于部门的工作环境。我们的发现进一步表明，不针对与工作相关的压力源的减压干预措施在减少与警察工作相关的健康风险方面可能只显示出有限的有效性。(C)2015爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Objective: Law enforcement is a stressful occupation associated with significant health problems. To date, most studies have focused on one specific factor or one domain of risk factors (e.g., organizational, personal). However, it is more likely that specific combinations of risk factors are differentially health relevant and further, depend on the area of police work.Methods: A self-selected group of officers from the criminal, community, and emergency division (N = 84) of a Swiss state police department answered questionnaires assessing personal and organizational risk factors as well as mental and physical health indicators.Results: In general, few differences were observed across divisions in terms of risk factors or health indicators. Cluster analysis of all risk factors established a high-risk and a low-risk cluster with significant links to all mental health outcomes. Risk cluster-by-division interactions revealed that, in the high-risk cluster, Emergency officers reported fewer physical symptoms, while community officers reported more posttraumatic stress symptoms. Criminal officers in the high-risk cluster tended to perceived more stress. Finally, perceived stress did not mediate the relationship between risk clusters and posttraumatic stress symptoms.Conclusion: In summary, our results support the notion that police officers are a heterogeneous population in terms of processes linking risk factors and health indicators. This heterogeneity thereby appeared to be more dependent on personal factors and individuals' perception of their own work conditions than division-specific work environments. Our findings further suggest that stress-reduction interventions that do not target job-relevant sources of stress may only show limited effectiveness in reducing health risks associated with police work. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.