Effect assessment of debris flow mitigation works based on numerical simulation by using Kanako 2D
Effect assessment of debris flow mitigation works based on numerical simulation by using Kanako 2D
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DOI：
10.1007/s10346-012-0316-x
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发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Jin-feng Liu;K. Nakatani;T. Mizuyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jin-feng Liu;K. Nakatani;T. Mizuyama
缓解工程对于减轻山区的泥石流灾害是非常必要的。通常，很难评估集水区现有缓解工程的效果。本文提出了一种利用Kanako系统对泥石流减灾措施进行定量评估的方法。Kanako系统是一个用户友好的配备了图形用户界面的泥石流模拟器，具有良好的可视化和易于解释的特点。Kanako 2D(版本2.0 4)，并以四川蔡家沟中国为例进行了实例研究。2001年和2006年在该沟内修建了包括淤地坝、排水渠和沉淀池在内的缓解工程。Kanako 2D可以模拟从陡峭地区到冲积扇的泥石流。采用一维模拟方法评价沟谷下部淤地坝对冲积扇的影响，采用二维模拟方法研究排水沟和淤积池对冲积扇的影响。模拟结果表明，如果沟谷不采取缓解措施，泥石流将对冲积扇上的居民区造成很大的破坏。结果表明，对于已堆积泥石流淤积的老坝，由于泥石流滞留淤积降低了坝前河床坡度，因此仍具有控制泥石流的作用。通过对沟内泥石流进行截流、排水、淤积等综合治理后，模拟结果表明，冲积扇的风险可以降低到可以接受的水平。
Mitigation works are very essential for mitigation of debris-flow hazards in mountainous areas. Usually, it is difficult to assess the effectiveness of existing mitigation works in a catchment. This paper presented a method for quantitative assessment of debris flow mitigation measures by using Kanako system, a user-friendly GUI-equipped debris flow simulator that allows good visualization and easy interpretation. Kanako 2D (Ver. 2.04) was applied to a case study at Caijia Gully, Sichuan Province, China. Mitigation works including check dams, drainage channel, and deposition basin were constructed in the gully in 2001 and 2006. Kanako 2D can simulate debris flow from steep area to alluvial fan. 1D simulation was applied for assessing the effect of the check dams at the lower part of the gully, and 2D simulation was applied for the effect of the drainage channel and deposition basin on the alluvial fan. The simulation results indicate that debris flow will cause great damage to residential area on the alluvial fan if mitigation measures were not implemented in the gully. For old dams which have been filled up with deposits of previous debris flows, the results show that they still have the function for controlling debris flow due to the gradient reduction of the channel bed in front of the dams by the trapped debris flow deposition. After the comprehensive control of debris flow including trapping, drainage, and deposition in the gully, the simulation results indicate that the risk on the alluvial fan can be reduced to an acceptable level.