The impulses produced by sensory nerve-endings. Part 2. The response of a single end-organ.
The impulses produced by sensory nerve-endings. Part 2. The response of a single end-organ.
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1926.sp002281
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发表时间：
1926-04-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zotterman, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adrian, ED;Zotterman, Y
作者用带三管放大器的毛细管静电计记录了青蛙感觉神经的动作电流，这种电流是当附着的胸皮肌被拉伸时产生的。有证据表明，这块肌肉含有3个或更多的感觉末梢，但通过从肌肉上切割狭窄的平行条带，可以将其减少到1个。当这样做时，均匀的刺激（拉伸）导致了一系列有节奏的反应，这些反应具有均匀的特征和大小。单根光纤中的频率（每秒5-100次）随着肌肉负荷的增加而增加，随着持续时间的延长而减少。通过确定不同强度刺激的反应之间的间隔，获得数据，从中绘制恢复曲线。感觉终末器官的绝对不应期持续约0.01秒，并且一般来说，时间关系是神经的时间关系的大约5倍，因此表明在正常情况下，神经在接收来自终末器官的第二脉冲之前完全从其不应状态恢复。规则节律被解释为不应期和恒定刺激的自然结果，以及刺激对终末器官的适应作用时速率的下降，至少部分归因于兴奋性的降低。增加刺激，即，给肌肉增加更重的重量，导致动作电流的节律频率增加，但它们的大小没有变化，因此表明感觉神经纤维中的电反应的大小和施加到终末器官的刺激的强度之间存在全有或全无的关系。
Using the capillary electrometer with a 3-tube amplifier, the authors recorded action currents from sensory nerves in the frog, which occur when the attached sternocutaneous muscle is stretched. Evidence indicates that this muscle contains 3 or more sensory endings, but it was possible to reduce then to 1 by cutting narrow parallel strips away from the muscle. When this was done the uniform stimulus (stretching) resulted in a rhythmic series of responses of uniform character and size. The frequency in the single fiber (5-100 per sec.) increased with the load on the muscle and decreased with duration. By determining intervals between responses for various strengths of stimulus, data were obtained from which recovery curves were plotted. The absolute refractory period of the sensory end-organ lasted about 0.01 sec., and in general the time relations were about 5 times that of nerve, thus indicating that normally the nerve fully recovers from its refractory state before receiving a 2nd impulse from the end-organ. The regular rhythm is explained as the natural consequence of the refractory period and the constant stimulus, and the falling off in rate while the stimulus is acting to an adaptation of the end organ, due in part at least to decreased excitability. An increased stimulus, i.e., adding heavier weights to the muscle, resulted in increased rhythmic frequency of the action currents, but no change in their size, thus indicating an all-or-nothing relation between the size of the electric response in the sensory nerve fiber and the strength of the stimulus applied to the end-organ.