Social inequalities in traditional and emerging screen devices among Portuguese children: a cross-sectional study
Social inequalities in traditional and emerging screen devices among Portuguese children: a cross-sectional study
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-020-09026-4
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发表时间：
2020-06-10
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Padez, Cristina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodrigues, Daniela;Gama, Augusta;Padez, Cristina
儿童经常接触过多的屏幕时间，但很少有研究探讨幼儿使用新旧数字媒体的情况。这项研究评估了屏幕时间，包括传统和移动的设备，在学龄前和小学年龄的儿童，根据他们的性别，年龄和社会经济地位（SEP）。方法本研究共纳入8430名儿童（3至10岁，50.8%的男孩）从北部，中部和中南部葡萄牙。在2016/2017年期间通过父母问卷收集数据。父母报告了儿童的屏幕时间（按媒体设备、工作日和周末;按每天的平均分钟数计算）。比较儿童年龄、性别和家庭SEP（按父亲受教育程度分类）筛查时间的差异。结果3 - 5岁和6 - 10岁儿童的每日屏幕时间较高-分别为154分钟/天（95% CI：149.51-158.91）和200.79分钟/天（95% CI：197.08-204.50）-大多数儿童（与性别无关）超过推荐的2小时/天屏幕观看时间。儿童仍然主要通过电视来参与屏幕时间，但使用移动的设备，特别是平板电脑，在3岁儿童中已经很高，并且随着年龄的增长而增加。在线性回归分析中，SEP是筛查时间的负预测因子，包括校正后。考虑到屏幕时间过长对健康的负面影响，识别处于屏幕时间过长风险中的亚组并根据年龄确定如何使用每种设备对于未来采取适当的干预措施至关重要。3-10岁儿童的屏幕时间比建议的要长，特别是男孩和低SEP儿童。父母和政策制定者应该记住，儿童的大部分屏幕时间都花在看电视上，但移动的设备从很小的时候就开始变得非常流行。
Background Children are often exposed to too much screen time but few studies have explored the use of old and new digital media among young children. This study assesses screen time, including traditional and mobile devices, in pre-school and elementary school-aged children, according to their gender, age, and socioeconomic position (SEP). Methods A total of 8430 children (3 to 10 years; 50.8% boys) from the north, center and south-central Portugal were included in the present study. Data was collected by a parental questionnaire during 2016/2017. Children's screen time (by media device, weekdays and at the weekend; calculated by mean minutes per day) were reported by parents. Analysis were carried to compare screen time by children's age, gender and family SEP (classified using father's educational degree). Results Daily screen time was high both in children aged 3 to 5 and 6 to 10 years - 154 min/day (95% CI: 149.51-158.91) and 200.79 min/day (95% CI: 197.08-204.50), respectively - and the majority of children, independently of their gender, exceed the recommended 2 h/day of screen viewing. Children are still primarily engaging in screen time through television but the use of mobile devices, particularly tablets, were already high among 3 year-old children and increased with age. SEP was a negative predictor of screen time in the linear regression analysis, including after adjustment. Conclusions Considering the negative health impacts of excessive screen time, recognizing subgroups at risk of excessive screen time and identifying how each device is used according to age is fundamental to enable appropriate future interventions. The screen time in children aged 3-10 years is longer than the recommended, particularly among boys and in those children from lower SEP. Parents and policymakers should have in mind that children spend most of their screen time watching television but mobile devices are becoming extremely popular starting at a young age.