Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries
Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-3156.1998.00213.x
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Greenwood, BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weber, MW;Mulholland, EK;Greenwood, BM
对热带和发展中国家呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染的流行病学知之甚少；已经审查了目前可获得的数据。在大多数研究中，发现RSV是儿童急性下呼吸道感染（ALRI）的主要病毒原因，在发现病毒的住院病例中占27-96%（平均65%）。在大多数国家，呼吸道合胞病毒感染是季节性的；在温带和地中海气候地区，疫情最常发生在寒冷季节，在季节性降雨的热带国家，疫情最常发生在潮湿季节。在岛屿和常年高降雨量的内热带地区，情况就不那么明朗了。在发展中国家，受呼吸道合胞病毒感染的主要年龄组是6个月以下的儿童（平均占呼吸道合胞病毒住院患者的39%）。RSV-ALRI在男孩中比在女孩中更常见。关于感染呼吸道合胞病毒的儿童死亡率、细菌合并感染的频率或呼吸道合胞病毒感染后进一步喘息的发生率的信息很少。RSV的进一步研究应该更详细地解决这些问题。RSV是热带和发展中国家幼儿的重要病原体，也是住院的常见原因。通过疫苗接种预防呼吸道合胞病毒感染将对发展中国家儿童急性呼吸道感染的发生率产生重大影响。
Little is known about the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection ill tropical and developing countries; the data currently available have been reviewed. In most studies, RSV was found to be the predominant viral cause of acute lower respiratory trace infections (ALRI) in childhood, being responsible for 27-96% of hospitalised cases (mean 65%) in which a virus was found. RSV infection is seasonal in most countries; outbreaks occur most frequently in the cold season in areas with temperate and Mediterranean climates and in the wet season in tropical countries with seasonal rainfall. The situation on islands and in areas of the inner tropics with perennial high rainfall is less clear-cut. The age group mainly affected by RSV in developing countries is children under 6 months of age (mean 39% of hospital patients with RSV). RSV-ALRI is slightly more common in boys than in girls. Very little information is available about the mortality of children infected with RSV, the frequency of bacterial co-infection, or the incidence of further wheezing after RSV. Further studies on RSV should address these questions in more detail. RSV is an important pathogen in young children in tropical and developing countries and a frequent cause of hospital admission. Prevention of RSV infection by vaccination would have a significant impact on the incidence of ALRI in children in developing countries.