Striatum and pre-SMA facilitate decision-making under time pressure
Striatum and pre-SMA facilitate decision-making under time pressure
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0805903105
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发表时间：
2008-11-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Wagenmaker, Eric-Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Forstmann, Birte U.;Dutilh, Gilles;Wagenmaker, Eric-Jan
人类决策几乎总是在时间压力下进行。当人们从事购物、驾驶或下棋等活动时，他们必须不断在快速决策的需求和准确决策的需求之间进行平衡。在认知科学中，这种平衡被认为是由反应阈值调节的，其神经基础目前还只是推测。在一个速度决策实验中，我们向参与者呈现了表明不同反应速度要求的线索。对行为数据应用一个数学模型证实，速度提示降低了反应阈值。功能性神经成像显示，速度提示激活了纹状体和前辅助运动区（pre - SMA），这些大脑结构是参与自主行动计划准备的闭环运动回路的一部分。此外，已知纹状体的激活会使运动系统从整体抑制中释放出来，从而促进更快但可能过早的行动。最后，数据表明，纹状体和前辅助运动区激活的个体差异与数学模型估计的反应阈值调整幅度的个体差异有选择性地相关。这些结果表明，当人们在时间压力下必须做出决策时，他们的纹状体和前辅助运动区会表现出更高的激活水平。
Human decision-making almost always takes place under time pressure. When people are engaged in activities such as shopping, driving, or playing chess, they have to continually balance the demands for fast decisions against the demands for accurate decisions. In the cognitive sciences, this balance is thought to be modulated by a response threshold, the neural substrate of which is currently subject to speculation. in a speed decision-making experiment, we presented participants with cues that indicated different requirements for response speed. Application of a mathematical model for the behavioral data confirmed that cueing for speed lowered the response threshold. Functional neuroimaging showed that cueing for speed activates the striatum and the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), brain structures that are part of a closed-loop motor circuit involved in the preparation of voluntary action plans. Moreover, activation in the striatum is known to release the motor system from global inhibition, thereby facilitating faster but possibly premature actions. Finally, the data show that individual variation in the activation of striatum and pre-SMA is selectively associated with individual variation in the amplitude of the adjustments in the response threshold estimated by the mathematical model. These results demonstrate that when people have to make decisions tinder time pressure their striatum and pre-SMA show increased levels of activation.