Erratum to: Endometrial Cancer
Erratum to: Endometrial Cancer
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DOI：
10.1007/174_2017_91
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mariana Horta;T. Cunha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mariana Horta;T. Cunha
子宫内膜癌是发达国家最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤。在生物学和临床病理学上，子宫内膜癌分为两种类型：1型或雌激素依赖性癌和2型或雌激素非依赖性癌。1型癌主要对应于子宫内膜样癌，约占子宫内膜癌的90%，而2型癌对应于大多数其他组织病理学亚型。因此，75%的癌症在早期就被诊断出来，这使得总体预后良好。评估阴道异常出血女性的第一步诊断是用经阴道超声测量子宫内膜厚度。如果证实子宫内膜增厚或异质性，应进行活检以确定明确的组织病理学诊断。国际妇产科联合会分期系统不考虑磁共振成像。尽管如此，它在子宫内膜癌的术前分期中起着相关的作用，有助于确定最佳的治疗管理。此外，它在治疗并发症的诊断，治疗反应的监测和复发疾病的评估中也很重要。
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in well-developed countries. Biologically and clinicopathologically, endometrial carcinomas are divided into two types: type 1 or estrogen-dependent carcinomas and type 2 or estrogen-independent carcinomas. Type 1 cancers correspond mainly to endometrioid carcinomas and account for approximately 90 % of endometrial cancers, whereas type 2 cancers correspond to the majority of the other histopathological subtypes.The vast majority of endometrial cancers present as abnormal vaginal bleedings in postmenopausal women. Therefore, 75 % of cancers are diagnosed at an early stage, which makes the overall prognosis favorable.The first diagnostic step to evaluate women with an abnormal vaginal bleeding is the measurement of the endometrial thickness with transvaginal ultrasound. If endometrial thickening or heterogeneity is confirmed, a biopsy should be performed to establish a definite histopathological diagnosis.Magnetic resonance imaging is not considered in the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics staging system. Nonetheless it plays a relevant role in the preoperative staging of endometrial carcinoma, helping to define the best therapeutic management. Moreover, it is important in the diagnosis of treatment complications, in the surveillance of therapy response, and in the assessment of recurrent disease.