Boldness and Reproductive Fitness Correlates in the Eastern Mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki
Boldness and Reproductive Fitness Correlates in the Eastern Mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki
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东部食蚊鱼（Gambusia holbrooki）的胆量与繁殖能力相关
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发表时间：
2010
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Ward
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文献类型：
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作者：
Alexander D. M. Wilson;J. Godin;A. Ward
众所周知，动物表现出“个性”，即个体在行为上的差异，这种差异在时间、⁄或情景中是一致的。对于行为生态学来说，一个特别重要的人格轴心是大胆，它可以被定义为一个人承担风险的倾向。个体个性和健康之间的关系，特别是与生殖有关的关系，在很大程度上仍未得到探索。在目前的研究中，我们使用雌性东部蚊子(Gambusia Holbrooki)来确定某些生殖特征(如怀孕阶段、繁殖力)是否与澳大利亚新南威尔士州两个野生种群的个体个性有关。为了定量评估这种关系，我们测试了每条鱼的胆量水平，通过它们离开避难所的潜伏期和在新环境中浅滩的倾向来衡量。我们还量化了个体在一般活动和靠近水面和底层游泳的倾向上的差异。与胆小的个体相比，两个种群加在一起，胆大的个体往往更小，繁殖力相对较低(考虑到身体大小)，并且比胆小的个体花更多的时间在水面附近。个体的胆量与一般活动或怀孕阶段无关。据我们所知，我们的研究首次描述了鱼类个体个性特征(胆量)和繁殖适合性(繁殖力)之间的关系。
Animals are known to exhibit ‘personality’; that is, individual differences in behaviour that are consistent across time and ⁄ or situations. One axis of personality of particular importance for behavioural ecology is boldness, which can be defined as the tendency of an individual to take risks. The relationship between individual personality and fitness correlates, particularly those involved in reproduction, remains largely unexplored. In the current study, we used female Eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) to ascertain whether certain reproductive traits (e.g. stage of pregnancy, fecundity) are correlated with individual personality in two wild populations in New South Wales, Australia. To quantitatively assess this relationship, we tested individual fish for their level of boldness, as measured by their latency to exit a refuge and tendency to shoal in a novel environment. We also quantified individual differences in general activity and tendency to swim near the water surface and substratum. For both populations taken together, bolder individuals tended to be smaller, relatively less fecund (when taking body size into account), and spent more time near the water surface than near the substratum compared with timid individuals. Individual boldness was not correlated with either general activity or stage of pregnancy. To our knowledge, our study characterizes for the first time a relationship between an individual personality trait (boldness) and a reproductive fitness correlate (fecundity) in fishes.