Symbiodinium Clade C Dominates Zooxanthellate Corals (Scleractinia) in the Temperate Region of Japan
Symbiodinium Clade C Dominates Zooxanthellate Corals (Scleractinia) in the Temperate Region of Japan
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DOI：
10.2108/zsj.29.173
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Yamashita, Yoh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lien, Yi-Ting;Fukami, Hironobu;Yamashita, Yoh
共生藻属的内共生藻类根据遗传分类分为9个分支（A-I）;已知一些分支具有使珊瑚宿主能够适应不同环境条件的生理特性。为了了解珊瑚虫共生的关系，我们专注于共生藻的多样性，生活在日本温带地区（30度-35度N）的恶劣环境条件下的虫黄藻珊瑚。我们调查了共生藻的分支，在346个殖民地属于58个珊瑚物种从六个地点。然后，我们选择了三个珊瑚物种-鹿角珊瑚风信子，鹿角珊瑚，和Cyphastrea chalcidicum-调查是否共生甲藻的分支在冬季或夏季在一年的过程中（2009年5月至2010年4月）在田边湾，日本。在温带地区的珊瑚中检测到三个共生藻分支（C，D和F）。值得注意的是，56种珊瑚含有共生甲藻C分支。卷曲牡蛎主要含有分支D，但在所有样品中也检测到分支C的痕迹。温带种Alveopora japonica同时含有C和F两个分支。在调查期间，三种珊瑚的共生体分支没有发生季节性变化，SST范围为12.5-29.2 ℃。但我们发现鹿角珊瑚（Acropora）（2 spp.）和Cyphastrea（1 sp.）包含不同的亚分支类型的C。这些结果表明，大多数珊瑚物种全年稳定地拥有共生甲藻分支C，这表明共生甲藻分支C显示出低温耐受性，并且两种假设的可能性：亚分支类型的遗传差异产生生理差异或分支C中广泛的生理灵活性。
Endosymbiotic algae of the genus Symbiodinium have been divided into nine clades (A-I) following genetic classification; some clades are known to have physiological properties that enable the coral hosts to adapt to different environmental conditions. To understand the relationships of coral-alga symbioses, we focused on Symbiodinium diversity in zooxanthellate corals living under the severe environmental conditions of the temperate region (30 degrees-35 degrees N) of Japan. We investigated Symbiodinium clades in 346 colonies belonging to 58 coral species from six locations. We then selected three coral species-Acropora hyacinthus, Acropora japonica, and Cyphastrea chalcidicum-to investigate whether Symbiodinium clades changed during winter or summer over the course of year (May 2009-Apr 2010) in Tanabe Bay, Japan. Three Symbiodinium clades (C, D, and F) were detected in corals in the temperate region. Notably, 56 coral species contained Symbiodinium clade C. Oulastrea crispata predominantly contained clade D, but traces of clade C were also detected in all samples. The temperate-specific species Alveopora japonica contained clades C and F simultaneously. Seasonal change of symbiont clades did not occur in the three coral species during the investigation period where SSTs range on 12.5-29.2 degrees C. However, we found Acropora (2 spp.) and Cyphastrea (1 sp.) contained different subcladal types of clade C. These results reveal that most coral species harbored Symbiodinium clade C stably throughout the year, suggesting that Symbiodinium clade C shows low-temperature tolerance, and that two hypothetical possibilities; genetic differences of subcladal types generating physiological differences or wide physiological flexibility in the clade C.