Toll-like receptor signaling in liver regeneration, fibrosis and carcinogenesis.
Toll-like receptor signaling in liver regeneration, fibrosis and carcinogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00822.x
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发表时间：
2011-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fujimoto J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seki E;Park E;Fujimoto J
Toll样受体（Toll like receptors，TLR）是一类能够识别微生物代谢产物的模式识别受体。这种信号传导协调复杂的信号传导途径，诱导炎症基因的表达，用于宿主防御入侵的微生物。最近的研究阐明了TLR在非感染性炎症性疾病中的作用。肝脏具有独特的解剖结构，通过门静脉和胆管与肠道连接。这允许将来自肠道微生物群落的产物直接递送到肝脏中。随后，微生物产物通过肝脏中的TLR信号传导引起急性和慢性炎症。不仅外源性产物，从死亡细胞释放的内源性变性产物也促进炎症，即使在无菌条件下。因此，这些反应引起组织修复，包括肝再生和纤维化。异常的再生反应可能导致肝癌发生。在这篇综述中，我们强调了最近积累的知识TLR信号在肝再生，纤维化和癌变。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the germline-coded pattern recognition receptors that sense microbial products. This signaling orchestrates complex signaling pathways that induce expression of inflammatory genes for host defense against invading microorganisms. Recent studies illustrate the role of TLRs on non-infectious inflammatory diseases. Liver has a unique anatomy bridging with intestine by portal vein and bile ducts. This allows delivery of products from intestinal microflora directly into the liver. Subsequently, microbial products cause acute and chronic inflammation through TLR signaling in the liver. Not only exogenous products, endogenous denatured products released from dying cells also facilitate inflammation even in sterile conditions. Consequently, these responses elicit tissue repairing including liver regeneration and fibrogenesis. An aberrant regenerative response may lead to hepatic carcinogenesis. In this review, we highlight the recently accumulated knowledge about TLR signaling in liver regeneration, fibrosis and carcinogenesis.