Effect of prophylactic phenobarbital on intraventricular hemorrhage in high-risk infants.
Effect of prophylactic phenobarbital on intraventricular hemorrhage in high-risk infants.
复制标题
预防性苯巴比妥对高危婴儿脑室内出血的影响。
作者：
M. Bedard;S. Shankaran;T. Slovis;Alfonso Pantoja;Bimleshwar Dayal;Ronald L. Poland
42例小于24小时的早产儿，入院时脑电图正常，随机分为对照组和苯巴比妥治疗组。治疗组婴儿间隔12小时接受两次负荷剂量为10 mg/kg的苯巴比妥，随后每12小时给予2.5 mg/kg的维持剂量，持续6天。两组均行连续超声脑图检查。两组在出生体重、胎龄和室管膜下脑室内出血的潜在危险因素方面具有可比性。两组患儿出血10例（48%）。苯巴比妥治疗组出血的严重程度明显低于对照组。然而，接受苯巴比妥治疗的出血婴儿也明显比对照组出血婴儿更大、更成熟。本研究结果表明，苯巴比妥对室管膜下脑室内出血的发生率没有影响，但对出血的严重程度可能有有益的影响。
Forty-two premature infants less than 24 hours of age, with normal admission echoencephalograms, were randomly assigned to control or phenobarbital treatment groups. Infants in the treated group received two loading doses of 10 mg/kg of phenobarbital 12 hours apart, followed by a maintenance dose of 2.5 mg/kg every 12 hours for 6 days. Serial echoencephalograms were obtained in both groups. The groups were comparable with regard to birth weight, gestational age, and potential risk factors for subependymal-intraventricular hemorrhage. Ten infants (48%) in each group developed hemorrhage. The hemorrhages in the phenobarbital-treated group were significantly less severe than those in the control group. The phenobarbital-treated infants who bled, however, were also significantly larger and more mature than control infants who bled. The results of this study indicate no effect of phenobarbital on the incidence of subependymal-intraventricular hemorrhage, but a possible beneficial effect on the severity of hemorrhage.