Value of Transit as Reflected in U.S. Single-Family Home Premiums
Value of Transit as Reflected in U.S. Single-Family Home Premiums
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美国单户住宅保费中反映的交通价值
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Ewing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shima Hamidi;Katherine Kittrell;R. Ewing
虽然40多年来，在地方和区域一级对过境无障碍溢价进行了严格的研究，但要在全国范围内得出有关溢价的结论，还需要进行荟萃分析。估计效应量是荟萃分析的主要目的。2007年使用2003年之前的研究计算了效应量，但此后未进行研究。这项研究试图通过进行回归分析和全面的荟萃分析来填补文献空白，该分析回顾了1976年至2014年发表的114项研究。在114项美国和加拿大单家庭研究中，选择了45项单家庭研究样本进行进一步分析。与之前的荟萃分析相比，目前的分析发现，总体而言，美国和加拿大的研究报告显示，单户住宅的平均保费较低。平均单户住宅保费为2.3%，显著低于之前荟萃分析计算的4.2%保费。结果发现，随着更多的变量，如车站区域的可步行性，报告的过境保费随着时间的推移而下降。研究还发现，交通便利的紧凑型区域产生较高的过境溢价，而一旦区域紧凑性得到控制，过境溢价在技术方面是中性的（轻轨还是重轨）。这些研究结果表明，为了最大限度地利用交通投资，规划者和政府官员必须努力创造紧凑的区域发展模式，在靠近交通的地区，单户住房可能不是最佳用途。
Although transit accessibility premiums have been rigorously studied at the local and regional levels for more than 40 years, drawing conclusions about premiums on a national scale requires a meta-analysis. Estimating effect size is a primary purpose of a meta-analysis. Effect size was calculated in 2007 by using pre-2003 studies but has not been studied since. This study sought to fill gaps in the literature by conducting a regression analysis and a thorough meta-analysis that reviewed 114 studies published from 1976 to 2014. Of 114 U.S. and Canadian single-family studies, a sample of 45 single-family studies was selected for further analysis. Compared with the previous meta-analysis, the current analysis found that, overall, U.S. and Canadian studies reported lower premiums on average for single-family houses. The average single-family home premium of 2.3% was significantly lower than the 4.2% premium calculated by the previous meta-analysis. It was found that reported transit premiums were decreasing over time as more variables, such as walkability of station areas, were statistically controlled. It was also found that compact regions with greater accessibility via transit produced higher transit premiums and transit premiums were neutral with respect to technology (light versus heavy rail) once regional compactness was controlled for. These findings suggest that to get the most out of transit investments, planners and public officials must make an effort to create compact regional development patterns and that single-family housing may not be the best use in areas close to transit.