Short- and long-term plasticity at the axon initial segment.
Short- and long-term plasticity at the axon initial segment.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4064-11.2011
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发表时间：
2011-11-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bender KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grubb MS;Shu Y;Kuba H;Rasband MN;Wimmer VC;Bender KJ
轴突起始段（AIS）是一个高度特化的神经元亚区，是动作电位起始的部位，也是轴突和体树突隔室之间的边界。近年来，我们对AIS的分子结构、其成熟及其在神经元功能中的多种基本作用的理解取得了重大进展。我们开始意识到AIS是动态调节的，无论是在短时间尺度上通过离子通道功能的适应，还是在长时间尺度上通过活性依赖性结构重组。在这里，我们回顾了这一新兴领域的结果，强调结构和功能可塑性如何与初始段的发展，以及与AIS功能障碍相关的神经元疾病。
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a highly specialized neuronal subregion that is the site of action potential initiation and the boundary between axonal and somatodendritic compartments. In recent years, our understanding of the molecular structure of the AIS, its maturation, and its multiple fundamental roles in neuronal function has seen major advances. We are beginning to appreciate that the AIS is dynamically regulated, both over short time scales via adaptations in ion channel function, and long time scales via activity dependent structural reorganization. Here, we review results from this emerging field highlighting how structural and functional plasticity relate to the development of the initial segment, and to neuronal disorders linked to AIS dysfunction.