Reactive oxidants and myeloperoxidase and their involvement in neutrophil extracellular traps.
Reactive oxidants and myeloperoxidase and their involvement in neutrophil extracellular traps.
复制标题
反应性氧化剂和髓过氧化物酶及其参与中性粒细胞外陷阱。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2012.00424
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Winterbourn CC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parker H;Winterbourn CC
中性粒细胞释放细胞外陷阱（NET），以响应各种炎症刺激。这些结构由与多种嗜中性粒细胞衍生的蛋白质（包括髓过氧化物酶（MPO））相关的染色质链网络组成。对导致NET形成的机制的研究表明，这是一个复杂的过程，根据刺激而有所不同。在某些刺激下，需要活性烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）氧化酶。然而，分配特定的活性氧参与下游的氧化酶是一项艰巨的任务，任何单一的氧化剂的确切证据仍然缺乏。MPO的药理学抑制和MPO缺陷型中性粒细胞的使用表明活性MPO需要佛波醇肉豆蔻酸酯作为刺激物，但不一定需要细菌。活性氧化剂和MPO也可能在NET介导的微生物杀灭中发挥作用。MPO存在于NET上，并在该网站上保持活动。因此，MPO具有在接近捕获的微生物处产生反应性氧化剂的潜力，从而实现微生物杀灭。这篇简短的综述讨论了目前的证据，反应性氧化剂和MPO参与NET的形成及其对NET抗菌活性的潜在贡献。
Neutrophils release extracellular traps (NETs) in response to a variety of inflammatory stimuli. These structures are composed of a network of chromatin strands associated with a variety of neutrophil-derived proteins including the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO). Studies into the mechanisms leading to the formation of NETs indicate a complex process that differs according to the stimulus. With some stimuli an active nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is required. However, assigning specific reactive oxygen species involved downstream of the oxidase is a difficult task and definitive proof for any single oxidant is still lacking. Pharmacological inhibition of MPO and the use of MPO-deficient neutrophils indicate active MPO is required with phorbol myristate acetate as a stimulus but not necessarily with bacteria. Reactive oxidants and MPO may also play a role in NET-mediated microbial killing. MPO is present on NETs and maintains activity at this site. Therefore, MPO has the potential to generate reactive oxidants in close proximity to trapped microorganisms and thus effect microbial killing. This brief review discusses current evidence for the involvement of reactive oxidants and MPO in NET formation and their potential contribution to NET antimicrobial activity.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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