Current Systematics of Rhizobia
Current Systematics of Rhizobia
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-32-9555-1_3
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Wang
在根瘤菌的研究中，多样性研究是其它研究的基础，因为多样性研究提供了具有特征的菌株，为进一步的分类学、遗传学、生物化学、进化、生态学和应用等研究提供了资源。生物多样性包括遗传、物种和生态系统三个层次的多样性。在这三个层次中，物种多样性与物种定义的方法或标准密切相关。在过去的世纪里，随着生物学和计算机科学的发展，细菌种的定义标准发生了变化，这也影响了根瘤菌的分类。根瘤菌种的定义曾一度基于根瘤菌菌株的寄主特异性（1932-1982年）（Fred等，1932年）;关于数值分类学和DNA-DNA或DNA-RNA相关性（1980 - 1990年代）（Chen等，1988; Dreyfus等，1988; Jordan 1982）;结合数值分类和DNA-DNA亲缘关系探讨16 SrRNA基因的遗传学（Chen等，1995; Young等，1991）;关于多相表征和多位点序列分析（de Lajudie et al. 1994; Martens et al. 2007）;以及最近的基因组分析（Román-Ponce et al. 2016; Wang et al. 2016 a）。随着方法的增加和转换，根瘤菌分类系统得到了很大的改进，而种的定义更多地与它们的进化关系有关。
In the investigation of rhizobia, research on diversity forms a basis for studies of other kinds, since diversity studies offer characterised strains that serve as resource for further studies of taxonomy, genetics, biochemistry, evolution, ecology, application and so on. In general, biodiversity includes diversity at three levels: genetic, species and ecosystem. Among these three levels, diversity of species is closely related to the methods or criteria for species definition. In the past century, criteria for definition of bacterial species have changed depending on the development of biological and computer sciences, which also affected the taxonomy of rhizobia. The definition of rhizobial species was at one time based on the host specificity of rhizobial strains (1932–1982) (Fred et al. 1932); on numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA or DNA-RNA relatedness (1980s–1990s) (Chen et al. 1988; Dreyfus et al. 1988; Jordan 1982); on phylogeny of the 16S rRNA gene combined with numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA relatedness (Chen et al. 1995; Young et al. 1991); on polyphasic characterisation and multilocus sequence analysis (de Lajudie et al. 1994; Martens et al. 2007); and most recently on genome analysis (Román-Ponce et al. 2016; Wang et al. 2016a). With the addition and shifting of methods, the system of rhizobial taxonomy has been greatly improved, while the species definition is more related to their evolutionary relationships.