Overview of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and mechanisms of their regulation: implications for cancer therapy.
Overview of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and mechanisms of their regulation: implications for cancer therapy.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/0471141755.ph1425s61
复制
发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sarkar, Fazlul H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bao, Bin;Ahmad, Aamir;Azmi, Asfar S;Ali, Shadan;Sarkar, Fazlul H
1997年从人急性髓性白血病（AML）的血液单核细胞中鉴定出癌症干细胞（CSCs）的小亚群是认识CSCs在肿瘤侵袭性中的潜在作用的具有里程碑意义的观察。两个关键特性有助于CSC在癌性肿瘤的建立和复发中的功能作用：它们的自我更新能力和它们分化成无限异质癌细胞群体的潜力。这些发现表明，CSC可能代表用于治疗和/或预防肿瘤进展的新的治疗靶点，因为它们似乎参与细胞迁移、侵袭、转移和治疗抗性，所有这些都导致不良的临床结果。CSC特异性标记物的鉴定、从恶性组织中分离和表征CSC以及用于破坏CSC的靶向策略为癌症研究提供了新的机会。本文概述了几种常见的CSC标记物在鉴定仅限于常见恶性疾病的CSC亚群中的潜在意义，白血病、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌和肺癌。微RNA（miRNA）在CSC功能调节中的作用也进行了讨论，CSC研究中常用的几种方法也是如此。抗糖尿病药物二甲双胍的潜在作用已被证明对CSC具有影响，并且已知其作为抗肿瘤剂的功能，提供了这类新的化疗药物的例子。
The identification of small subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) from blood mononuclear cells in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 1997 was the landmark observation for recognizing the potential role of CSCs in tumor aggressiveness. Two critical properties contribute to the functional role of CSCs in the establishment and recurrence of cancerous tumors: their self-renewal capacity and their potential to differentiate into unlimited heterogeneous populations of cancer cells. These findings suggest that CSCs may represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment and/or prevention of tumor progression as they appear to be involved in cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance, all of which lead to poor clinical outcomes. The identification of CSC-specific markers, the isolation and characterization of CSCs from malignant tissues, and targeting strategies for the destruction of CSCs provides a novel opportunity for cancer research. Described in this overview is the potential implication of several common CSC markers in the identification of CSC subpopulation restricted to common malignant diseases e.g., leukemia, breast, prostate, pancreatic and lung cancers. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of CSC function is also discussed, as are several methods commonly used in CSC research. The potential role of the anti-diabetic drug metformin that has been shown to have effects on CSCs, and known function as an anti-tumor agent, provides an example of this new class of chemotherapeutics.