IMPACT OF FIELD RELEASE OF GENETICALLY-MODIFIED PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS ON INDIGENOUS MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS OF WHEAT
IMPACT OF FIELD RELEASE OF GENETICALLY-MODIFIED PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS ON INDIGENOUS MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS OF WHEAT
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.61.9.3443-3453.1995
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
LYNCH, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DELEIJ, FAAM;SUTTON, EJ;LYNCH, JM
在田间释放试验中，将染色体上修饰了两个报告基因盒(lacZY和Kan(R)-XylE)的荧光假单胞菌菌株作为种衣剂和叶面喷雾应用于春小麦。该野生型菌株是从甜菜叶面分离到的，但同时也是小麦核心层和叶面的共同定殖者。将这种转基因微生物(GMM)的释放对本地微生物种群的影响与未经修改的野生型菌株和未处理的对照的影响进行了比较，直到作物收获后1个月。荧光假单胞菌GMM和未经修饰的野生型菌株的释放导致小麦根际和叶面的某些可培养微生物群落的某些可培养成分发生了显著但短暂的扰动，但对非根际土壤中的可培养微生物种群没有明显的扰动。不产生休眠结构(例如，荧光假单胞菌和酵母菌)的快速生长的生物体似乎对扰动最敏感。就对环境的危害和风险而言，由于几个原因，这种GMM释放引起的观察到的微生物扰动可能被认为是轻微的。首先，重组荧光假单胞菌引起的变化总体上与未改良的野生型菌株没有明显差异；其次，细菌接种引起的扰动主要是很小的；第三，细菌的释放对植物的生长和植物健康没有明显的影响。
In a field release experiment, an isolate of Pseudomonas fluorescens, which was chromosomally modified with two reporter gene cassettes (lacZY and Kan(r)-xylE), was applied to spring wheat as a seed coating and subsequently as a foliar spray. The wild-type strain was isolated from the phylloplane of sugar beet but was found to be a common colonizer of both the rizosphere and phylloplane of wheat as well. The impact on the indigenous microbial populations resulting from release of this genetically modified microorganism (GMM) was compared with the impact of the unmodified, wild-type strain and a nontreated control until 1 month after harvest of the crop. The release of the P. fluorescens GMM and the unmodified, wild-type strain resulted in significant but transient perturbations of some of the culturable components of the indigenous microbial communities that inhabited the rhizosphere and phylloplane of wheat, but no significant perturbations of the indigenous culturable microbial populations in nonrhizosphere soil were found. Fast-growing organisms that did not produce resting structures (for example, fluorescent pseudomonads and yeasts) seemed to be most sensitive to perturbation. In terms of hazard and risk to the environment, the observed microbial perturbations that resulted from this GMM release may be considered minor for several reasons. First, the recombinant P. fluorescens strain caused changes that were, in general, not significantly different from those caused by the unmodified wild-type strain; second, perturbations resulting from bacterial inoculations were mainly small; and third, the release of bacteria had no obvious effects on plant growth and plant health.