The solids retention time - a suitable design parameter to evaluate the capacity of wastewater treatment plants to remove micropollutants
The solids retention time - a suitable design parameter to evaluate the capacity of wastewater treatment plants to remove micropollutants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2004.08.036
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Kroiss, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clara, M;Kreuzinger, N;Kroiss, H
微污染物作为内分泌干扰物（EDC）或药物在水污染控制中越来越受到关注。废水处理厂（WWTP）的流出物是这些化合物在水生环境中残留的相关点源。固体停留时间（SRT）是污水处理厂设计中的一个重要参数，它与微生物的生长速率和出水浓度有关。如果特定物质的降解取决于泥龄，则可以确定污泥龄的临界值。在低于该临界值的污泥龄运行的污水处理厂中，必须预期污水浓度在进水浓度范围内或根据吸附平衡的分布，而在高于临界值的污泥龄运行的污水处理厂中，将发生降解。确定不同的微污染物的临界污泥龄，表明基于污泥龄的设计标准允许排放量的估计。不同的处理技术，如传统的活性污泥系统和膜生物反应器被认为是在处理效率没有显着差异时，在可比的SRT运行。调查结果得出的结论是，污水处理厂运行SRT高于10天（指温度为10 ℃），可以实现低污水浓度。根据欧洲共同体城市废水指令（91/271/EEC），这符合位于中等气候区敏感地区的污水处理厂的要求。(C)2004爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Micropollutants as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) or pharmaceuticals are of increased interest in water pollution control. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are relevant point sources for residues of these compounds in the aquatic environment. The solids retention time (SRT) is one important parameter for the design of WWTPs, relating to growth rate of microorganisms and to effluent concentrations. If a specific substance is degraded in dependency on the SRT, a critical value for the sludge age can be determined. In WWTPs operating SRTs below this critical value, effluent concentrations in the range of influent concentrations or a distribution according to the adsorption equilibrium have to be expected, whereas in WWTPs operating at SRTs higher than the critical value degradation will occur. Critical SRTs were determined for different micropollutants, indicating that the design criteria based on the sludge age allows an estimation of emissions. Different treatment technologies as conventional activated sludge systems and a membrane bioreactor were considered and no significant differences in the treatment efficiency were detected when operated at comparable SRT. The results of the investigations lead to the conclusion that low effluent concentrations can be achieved in WWTPs operating SRTs higher than 10 days (referred to a temperature of 10degreesC). This corresponds to the requirements for WWTPs situated in sensitive areas according to the urban wastewater directive of the European Community (91/271/EEC) in moderate climatic zones. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.