EXPERIMENTS ON NEOPHOBIA IN WILD AND LABORATORY RATS
EXPERIMENTS ON NEOPHOBIA IN WILD AND LABORATORY RATS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.2044-8295.1958.tb00657.x
复制
发表时间：
1958-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
BARNETT, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARNETT, SA
所有的褐家鼠（Rattus norvegicus），无论是野生的还是驯服的，都有一种探索周围环境的明显倾向。野生老鼠，而不是驯服的老鼠，也倾向于避免在以前探索过的不熟悉的物体，因此熟悉的区域。在三组野生大鼠中研究了环境变化对摄食的影响。第1组的蝙蝠习惯于从笼子后面的铁丝篮中喂食;对他们来说，变化包括将食物转移到笼子前面的陌生罐头中。第2组的篮子里一直有食物，变化只在于笼子前面放了一个空的、不熟悉的罐头。第3组的大鼠从笼前的篮子中进食;对它们来说，变化是在笼后（它们睡觉的地方）和食物之间放置了一个不熟悉的空罐头。在所有三组中，喂养都因变化而中断。在第一组中，五只大鼠中有三只完全停止进食一天或多天;在其他两组中，食物消耗量在改变后的第一天仅减少。进食的停止并不是因为探索：所有的老鼠一开始都完全避开了这个新物体。驯服白化病大鼠和戴帽大鼠接受与第1组野生大鼠相同的程序，立即研究锡和其中的食物;在改变后的一天内，它们的摄食量不受影响。然而，头帽鼠第一次接近新物体时，比白化鼠更犹豫。对新事物或新环境的研究有时会导致驯服大鼠的进食中断，但这与野生大鼠的回避行为没有任何共同之处。
All rata (Rattus norvegicus), wild or tame, have a well‐marked tendency to explore their surroundings. Wild rats, but not tame ones, also tend to avoid unfamiliar objects in a previously explored, and therefore familiar, area. The effect of environmental change on feeding was studied in three groups of wild rats. Bats of Group 1 were accustomed to feeding from a wire basket at the back of the cage; for them the change consisted of transfer of the food to an unfamiliar tin at the front of the cage. Group 2 had food in the basket throughout, and the change consisted only in an empty, unfamiliar tin being put in the front of the cage. The rats of Group 3 fed from a basket in the front of the cage; the change for them was the placing of an unfamiliar empty tin between the back of the cage, where they slept, and the food. In all three groups feeding was interrupted by the change. In the first group, three of the five rats stopped eating completely for one or more days; in the other two groups, food consumption was merely reduced on the first day after the change. The check in eating was not due to exploration: the new object was at first completely avoided by all the rats. Tame albino and hooded rats, subjected to the same procedure as the wild rats of Group 1, investigated the tin and the food in it at once; their food intake during the day after the change was unaffected. The first approach of the hooded rats to the new object was, however, more hesitant than that of the albinos. Investigation of a new object, or new conditions, can sometimes lead to an interruption of feeding in tame rats, but this has nothing in common with avoidance behaviour in wild rats.