Age-disparate sex and HIV risk for young women from 2002 to 2012 in South Africa.
Age-disparate sex and HIV risk for young women from 2002 to 2012 in South Africa.
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DOI：
10.7448/ias.19.1.21310
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发表时间：
2016-12-26
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Rehle TM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evan M;Risher K;Zungu N;Shisana O;Moyo S;Celentano DD;Maughan-Brown B;Rehle TM
在南非，年龄不同的性别一直被认为是增加年轻女性感染艾滋病毒风险的一个因素。然而，最近对南非特定地区的研究发现了相互矛盾的证据。很少有研究在国家一级评估了年龄差异伙伴关系（涉及5岁或5岁以上的伙伴关系）与艾滋病毒风险之间的关系。本研究调查了南非15-24岁年轻女性中年龄不同的性别与艾滋病毒状况之间的关系。方法：采用双变量分析和多元logistic回归分析了2002年、2005年、2008年和2012年南非国家艾滋病毒调查中具有全国代表性的加权数据，其中包括15-24岁的年轻女性。结果：经多元logistic回归分析并控制混杂因素后，年龄不同的年轻女性在各调查年度中HIV阳性的几率较大：2002年（aOR = 1.74, 95%CI: 0.81 ~ 3.76, p = 0.16）；2005 (aOR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.22 ~ 3.66, p < 0.01)；2008 (aOR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.24 ~ 3.29, p < 0.01)；2012 （aOR = 1.53, 95%CI: 0.92 ~ 2.54, p < 0.1）。2002年（aOR = 1.10, 95%CI: 0.98-1.22, p = 0.11）、2005年（aOR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.03-1.17, p < 0.01）、2008年（aOR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.15, p < 0.05）、2012年（aOR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.16, p < 0.05）男性伴侣年龄的年增率呈上升趋势。2005年、2008年和2012年的研究结果具有统计学意义（p < 0.1）。结论：我们的研究结果表明，在全国范围内，年龄差异性别仍然是南非15-24岁年轻女性的一个危险因素。与最近在人口监测系统和试验背景下的不同研究结果相比，这些结果可能反映了国家一级艾滋病毒风险的差异。鉴于最近相互矛盾的研究结果，需要进一步研究年龄不同的性别与艾滋病毒之间的关系，以便更细致地了解年轻女性的艾滋病毒风险。
Introduction: Age-disparate sex has long been considered a factor that increases HIV risk for young women in South Africa. However, recent studies from specific regions in South Africa have found conflicting evidence. Few studies have assessed the association between age-disparate partnerships (those involving an age gap of 5 years or more) and HIV risk at the national level. This study investigates the relationship between age-disparate sex and HIV status among young women aged 15–24 in South Africa. Methods: Nationally representative weighted data from the 2002, 2005, 2008, and 2012 South African National HIV Surveys were analysed for young women aged 15–24 years using bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regressions. Results: After conducting multiple logistic regression analyses and controlling for confounders, young women with age-disparate partners had greater odds of being HIV positive in every survey year: 2002 (aOR = 1.74, 95%CI: 0.81–3.76, p = 0.16); 2005 (aOR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.22–3.66, p < 0.01); 2008 (aOR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.24–3.29, p < 0.01); 2012 (aOR = 1.53, 95%CI: 0.92–2.54, p < 0.1). The odds of being HIV positive increased for each year increase in their male partner’s age in 2002 (aOR = 1.10, 95%CI: 0.98–1.22, p = 0.11), 2005 (aOR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.03–1.17, p < 0.01), 2008 (aOR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01–1.15, p < 0.05), and 2012 (aOR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01–1.16, p < 0.05). Findings were statistically significant (p < 0.1) for the years 2005, 2008, and 2012. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that age-disparate sex continues to be a risk factor for young women aged 15–24 in South Africa at a national level. These results may reflect variation in HIV risk at the national level compared to the differing results from recent studies in a demographic surveillance system and trial contexts. In light of recent contradictory study results, further research is required on the relationship between age-disparate sex and HIV for a more nuanced understanding of young women’s HIV risk.