Photoreceptors and regulation of flowering time
Photoreceptors and regulation of flowering time
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.123.1.39
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Lin, CT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, CT
影响开花时间的最重要的环境因素之一是光周期，这是由Garner和Allard在20世纪20年代首先发现的(Thomas和Vince-Prue，1997，参考文献)。其中)。在短日(SD)或长日(LD)开花或加速开花的植物分别称为SD植物或LD植物。LD植物通常在晚春或初夏(日照时间变长)开花，以便在有利的季节结籽。SD植物通常在秋天(光周期变短)开花，以便在寒冷的冬天到来之前完成繁殖。开花时间与可靠的环境信号(如光周期)同步也增加了异交和遗传重组的机会。光周期对开花的控制是通过参与花的发育控制、生物钟的调节和光感受器的信号转导的基因的相互作用而实现的(Thomas和Vince-Prue，1997)。最近对兼性LD植物拟南芥的分子遗传学研究在确定与控制开花时间和生物钟功能相关的遗传途径和分子成分方面取得了显著进展，最近的两次更新中对此进行了讨论(Pineiro和Coupland，1998；Somers，1999)。本文重点介绍了我们对植物光感受器光敏色素和隐色素及其在开花时间调控中的作用的最新研究进展。
One of the most important environmental factors affecting flowering time is the daily duration of light, the photoperiod, which was first discovered by Garner and Allard in the 1920s (Thomas and Vince-Prue, 1997, and refs. therein). Plants in which flowering occurs or is accelerated in short days (SD) or long days (LD) are known as SD plants or LD plants, respectively. LD plants often flower in later spring or early summer (when the daylength becomes longer) to set seeds in a favorable season. SD plants generally flower in fall (when photoperiods are getting shorter) to finish reproduction before the cold winter arrives. Synchronization of flowering time with a reliable environmental cue such as the photoperiod also increases the chance of out-breeding and genetic recombination. The photoperiodic control of flowering is brought about by the interactions of genes involved in the developmental control of floral initiation, the regulation of the circadian clock, and the signal transduction of photoreceptors (Thomas and Vince-Prue, 1997). Recent molecular genetic studies in a facultative LD plant, Arabidopsis, have made notable progress in identifying genetic pathways and molecular components associated with the control of flowering time and the function of the circadian clock, which have been discussed in two recent Updates (Pineiro and Coupland, 1998; Somers, 1999). This Update focuses on the recent advances in our understanding of plant photoreceptors phytochromes and cryptochromes, and their roles in the regulation of flowering time.