Criminal victimization of persons with severe mental illness
Criminal victimization of persons with severe mental illness
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DOI：
10.1176/ps.50.1.62
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Wagner, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiday, VA;Swartz, MS;Wagner, HR
目的：检查严重精神疾病患者经历的犯罪类型和数量，以更好地了解该人群的犯罪受害情况。方法：研究对象为 331 名非自愿入院的精神科住院患者，他们在出院后被法院下令转入门诊。广泛的访谈提供了有关受试者在过去四个月内的犯罪经历、他们认为的受害脆弱性、以及他们的生活条件和药物使用的信息。医疗记录提供临床数据。结果：非暴力犯罪受害率（22.4%）与一般人群（21.1%）相似。暴力犯罪受害率是普通人群的两倍半——8.2% 和 3.1%。作为城市居民，酗酒或吸毒，二次诊断为人格障碍，以及住院前经历过短暂的生活条件仅与成为犯罪受害者显着相关。在多变量分析中，药物使用和短暂的生活条件是犯罪受害的强有力的预测因素；没有人口统计或临床变量是显着的预测因素。鉴于犯罪率相对较高，受试者对受害的感知脆弱性出乎意料地低；只有16.3%的人表示担心人身安全。受教育程度较高的人表达了更大的脆弱感。结论：研究发现，患有严重和持续性精神疾病的人遭受暴力犯罪侵害的比例很高。结果表明，药物滥用和无家可归使犯罪受害的可能性更大。
Objective: The types and amounts of crime experienced by persons with severe mental illness were examined to better understand criminal victimization in this population. Methods: Subjects were 331 involuntarily admitted psychiatric inpatients who were ordered by the court to outpatient commitment after discharge. Extensive interviews provided information on subjects' experience with crime in the previous four months and their perceived vulnerability to victimization, as well as on their living conditions and substance use. Medical records provided clinical data. Results: The rate of nonviolent criminal victimization (22.4 percent) was similar to that in the general population (21.1 percent). The rate of violent criminal victimization was two and a half times greater than in the general population-8.2 percent versus 3.1 percent. Being an urban resident, using alcohol or drugs, having a secondary diagnosis of a personality disorder, and experiencing transient living conditions before hospitalization mere significantly associated with being the victim of a crime, In the multivariate analysis, substance use and transient living conditions were strong predictors of criminal victimization; no demographic or clinical variable was a significant predictor. Given the relatively high crime rates, subjects' perceived vulnerability to victimization was unexpectedly low; only 16.3 percent expressed concerns about personal safety. Those with a higher level of education expressed greater feelings of vulnerability. Conclusions: The study found a substantial rate of violent criminal victimization among persons with severe and persistent mental illness. Results suggest that substance use and homelessness make criminal victimization more likely.