Dental Health of Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Hong Kong
Dental Health of Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Hong Kong
复制标题
香港患有自闭症谱系障碍的学龄前儿童的牙齿健康
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dfy;Shy
据报道，患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童有更高的未满足的牙科需求和行为问题，导致牙科护理或口腔卫生问题。由于本港缺乏为学前儿童提供的牙科服务，本港并没有这类儿童牙齿问题严重程度的纪录。本研究的目的是评估学龄前自闭症谱系障碍儿童对牙科专业建议的依从性，即刷牙习惯，牙科就诊和龋齿率。从13个康复中心招募的196名平均年龄为5.36岁的被诊断为ASD的儿童中，有70%在平均年龄为2.5岁时就养成了每天刷牙两次的习惯。83名儿童报告在刷牙时有行为问题。这些行为问题中有36%与刷牙过程无关，包括哭泣，尖叫和其他攻击性行为。26%的人患有龋齿，其中60%被报告为严重龋齿。只有48%的人去看过牙医，其中大多数人去做牙科检查。母亲文化程度低、家庭收入低的ASD患儿患龋率明显高于母亲。这群孩子的牙齿问题不是一个小问题。香港应深入考虑为患有自闭症的学龄前儿童，特别是低收入家庭的学龄前儿童提供初步牙齿检查服务。
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were reported to have higher rates of unmet dental needs and behavioural problems that leading to dental care or oral hygiene problems. With the lack of dental services for preschool children in Hong Kong, the severity of dental problems in this group of children has not been documented locally. The aim of this study is to evaluate how well the preschool aged children with autism spectrum disorder comply with the recommendations from the dental profession, namely of tooth brushing habits, dental visits and rate of dental caries. Seventy percent of the 196 recruited children diagnosed with ASD with a mean age of 5.36 years from thirteen rehabilitation centres had established a twice daily tooth brushing habit at a mean age of 2.5 years. Eight-three of the children reported to have behavioural problems during toothbrushing. Thirty-six percent of these behavioural problems were unrelated to the toothbrushing procedure, including crying, screaming and other aggressive behaviour. Twenty-six percent suffered from dental caries of which 60% were reported as severe. Only 48% of them had visited dental services, the majority of these attending for dental checkups. Dental caries was significant higher in mother with low educational level and low-income families with children of ASD. Dental problems in this group of children are not a minor issue. A primary screening dental checkup service for preschool children with ASD especially in low-income families should be deeply considered in Hong Kong.