An Overview of Challenges in Modeling Heat and Mass Transfer for Living on Mars
An Overview of Challenges in Modeling Heat and Mass Transfer for Living on Mars
复制标题
火星生活传热传质建模挑战概述
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1362.012
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
O. Fujita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Yamashita;Y. Ishikawa;Y. Kitaya;E. Goto;M. Arai;H. Hashimoto;K. Tomita;M. Hirafuji;Katsunori Omori;A. Shiraishi;A. Tani;K. Toki;H. Yokota;O. Fujita
翻译后摘要：工程生活在火星上的生命支持系统需要建模的热量和质量传递。 该报告描述了温室圆顶中的热量和质量传递现象的分析，该温室圆顶被设计为火星农业生产的加压生命支持系统。在这个火星温室中，太阳能将转化为植物生物质中的化学能。农产品将被收获用于食物和植物种植，废物将在堆肥微生物生态系统中处理。植物的蒸腾水将被浓缩和回收。在我们对火星温室的热设计和分析中，我们解决了温度和压力是否会保持在适合人类和植物的范围内的问题。应该控制能量流动和物质循环，在火星上提供人工生态系统。在我们的分析中，我们假设温室将保持在低于大气压的压力下，在1/3-G的重力下，在地球上的1/2太阳光强度下。温室内将主要通过阳光加热引起大气气体对流。植物体周围局部可产生小气候（热力和气体组分结构），影响气体运移。这些环境因素的潜在影响进行了讨论的现象，包括植物生长和植物生理，并侧重于运输过程。消防安全是一个至关重要的问题，我们评估其对温室圆顶中总气体压力的影响。
Abstract: Engineering a life‐support system for living on Mars requires the modeling of heat and mass transfer. This report describes the analysis of heat and mass transfer phenomena in a greenhouse dome, which is being designed as a pressurized life‐support system for agricultural production on Mars. In this Martian greenhouse, solar energy will be converted into chemical energy in plant biomass. Agricultural products will be harvested for food and plant cultivation, and waste materials will be processed in a composting microbial ecosystem. Transpired water from plants will be condensed and recycled. In our thermal design and analysis for the Martian greenhouse, we addressed the question of whether temperature and pressure would be maintained in the appropriate range for humans as well as plants. Energy flow and material circulation should be controlled to provide an artificial ecological system on Mars. In our analysis, we assumed that the greenhouse would be maintained at a subatmospheric pressure under 1/3‐G gravitational force with 1/2 solar light intensity on Earth. Convection of atmospheric gases will be induced inside the greenhouse, primarily by heating from sunlight. Microclimate (thermal and gas species structure) could be generated locally around plant bodies, which would affect gas transport. Potential effects of those environmental factors are discussed on the phenomena including plant growth and plant physiology and focusing on transport processes. Fire safety is a crucial issue and we evaluate its impact on the total gas pressure in the greenhouse dome.