Access to community pharmacies by the elderly in Illinois: a geographic information systems analysis.
Access to community pharmacies by the elderly in Illinois: a geographic information systems analysis.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1023/b:joms.0000032846.20676.94
复制
发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Lin, Swu-Jane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, Swu-Jane
在美国，社区药房在维护人口健康方面发挥着重要作用。它们数量众多，分布广泛，跨越地理区域，并且工作时间长。由于老年人口往往使用更多的药物，并有更频繁的互动与药店和药剂师，本研究进行了了解地理访问社区药店的老年人在伊利诺伊州，并估计在农村和城市地区之间的差距。对2001年营业的所有社区药房的地址进行了地理编码，以确定它们的位置。2000年人口普查的人口数据在人口普查块组一级被用来估计按年龄组的伊利诺伊州人口的地理分布。使用每个人口普查区块组的质心和社区药店的位置，计算每个人口普查区块组到最近药店的距离。然后对距离进行加权，以计算老年人访问药房所需的总距离。2001年，伊利诺斯州有1373家社区药店。大多数药店（93.8%）位于城市地区。城市和农村平均每万人拥有药店分别为1.27家和0.38家。伊利诺斯州的老年人在城市地区找到社区药店的平均距离是0.9英里，但在农村地区是6倍（5.9英里）。至少有10%的农村老年人需要走11.8英里以上的路才能找到社区药店，但只有0.1%的人需要走20英里以上的路。在伊利诺伊州，社区药店的地理位置似乎是合适的。然而，一小部分农村老年人在其附近地区没有药店，可能需要特别关注。
Community pharmacies play an important role in maintaining population health in the United States. They are large in number, distribute widely across geographic areas, and operate for long hours. Because the elderly population tends to use more medications and have more frequent interaction with pharmacies and pharmacists, this study was carried out to understand the geographic access to community pharmacies by the elderly in Illinois and to estimate the disparity in the access between rural and urban areas. The addresses of all community pharmacies operating in 2001 were geocoded to identify their locations. The Census 2000 data on demographics at the census block group level was used to estimate the geographic distribution of the Illinois population by age group. Using the centroid of each census block group and the locations of community pharmacies, the distance to a nearest pharmacy for each census block group was calculated. The distance was then weighted to compute the aggregated distance required for the elderly to access a pharmacy. There were 1373 community pharmacies operating in Illinois in 2001. Most pharmacies (93.8%) were located in urban areas. On average, there were 1.27 and 0.38 pharmacies per 10,000 people in urban and rural areas, respectively. The average distance for an elderly person in Illinois to locate a community pharmacy was 0.9 miles in urban areas, but it was six times more (5.9 miles) in rural areas. At least 10% of the rural elderly had to travel more than 11.8 miles to find a community pharmacy, but only 0.1% had to travel more than 20 miles. The geographic access to community pharmacies appears to be appropriate in Illinois. However, a small portion of rural elderly who do not have a pharmacy in their nearby areas may warrant special attention.