Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in US retail shell oysters:: A national survey from June 1998 to July 1999
Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in US retail shell oysters:: A national survey from June 1998 to July 1999
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DOI：
10.4315/0362-028x-65.1.79
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
DePaola, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook, DW;O'Leary, P;DePaola, A
由一九九八年六月至一九九九年七月，当局在275间不同的食肆抽取了370批带壳生蚝样本（71%是食肆或蚝吧; 27%是零售海鲜市场;和2%，海鲜批发市场）在整个美国的沿海和内陆市场，牡蛎收获从海湾（49%），太平洋（14%），大西洋中部（18%），美国和北大西洋沿岸（11%）和加拿大（8%）。创伤弧菌和副溶血弧菌的密度是使用美国食品药品监督管理局细菌学分析手册中描述的最大可能数（MPN）技术的修改来确定的。用DNA探针和酶免疫分析法鉴定可疑分离株，并确定与副溶血性弧菌致病性相关的耐热直接溶血素基因的存在。所有收获区的市售牡蛎中创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的密度均遵循季节分布，夏季密度最高。在墨西哥湾沿岸收获的牡蛎中观察到这两种生物的最高密度，密度通常超过10，000 MPN/g。在北大西洋、太平洋和加拿大海岸收获的大多数批次（78%）的创伤弧菌密度低于0.2 MPN/g的可检测水平;没有超过100 MPN/g。在这些相同地区的批次中，副溶血性弧菌密度大于创伤弧菌密度，有些批次的副溶血性弧菌密度超过1，000 MPN/g。来自大西洋中部各州的一些批次的创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的含量均超过10，000 MPN/g。总体而言，创伤弧菌和副溶血弧菌密度之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.72，n = 202，P < 0.0001），但两者的密度均与盐度无关。储存时间显著影响市场牡蛎中创伤弧菌（每天减少10%）和副溶血性弧菌（每天减少7%）的密度。在9/3，429（03%）副溶血性弧菌培养物和8/198（4.0%）批牡蛎中检测到与副溶血性弧菌毒力相关的热稳定直接溶血素基因。这些数据可用于估计生牡蛎消费者对创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的暴露量。
From June 1998 to July 1999, 370 lots of oysters in the shell were sampled at 275 different establishments (71%, restaurants or oyster bars; 27%, retail seafood markets; and 2%, wholesale seafood markets) in coastal and inland markets throughout the United States, The oysters were harvested from the Gulf 49%), Pacific (14%), Mid-Atlantic (18%), and North Atlantic (11%) Coasts of die United States and from Canada (8%). Densities of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemoyticus were determined using a modification of the most probable number (MPN) techniques described in the Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual. DNA probes and enzyme immunoassay were used to identify suspect isolates and to determine the presence of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene associated with pathogenicity of V parahaemolyticus, Densities of both V vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus in market oysters from all harvest regions followed a seasonal distribution, with highest densities in the summer. Highest densities of both organisms were observed in oysters harvested from the Gulf Coast, where densities often exceeded 10,000 MPN/g. The majority (78%) of lots harvested in the North Atlantic, Pacific, and Canadian Coasts had V. vulnificus densities below the detectable level of 0.2 MPN/g; none exceeded 100 MPN/g. V. parahaemolyticus densities were greater than those of V. vulnificus in lots from these same areas, with some lots exceeding 1,000 MPN/g for V parahaemolyticus. Some lots from the Mid-Atlantic states exceeded 10,000 MPN/g for both V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus. Overall, there was a significant correlation between V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus densities (r = 0.72, n = 202, P < 0.0001), but neither density correlated with salinity. Storage time significantly affected the V. vulnificus (10% decrease per day) and V. parahaemolyticus (7% decrease per day) densities in market oysters. The thermostable direct hemolysin gene associated with V. parahaemolyticus virulence was detected in 9 of 3,429 (03%) V. parahaemolyticus cultures and in 8 of 198 (4.0%) lots of oysters. These data can be used to estimate the exposure of raw oyster consumers to V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus.