Semantic Specificity in One-Year-Olds' Word Comprehension
Semantic Specificity in One-Year-Olds' Word Comprehension
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DOI：
10.1080/15475441.2017.1324308
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Aslin, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bergelson, Elika;Aslin, Richard
本研究考察了幼儿对熟悉名词的认知。婴儿（n = 46，12-20个月大）看到两个图像显示熟悉的物体，或一个熟悉的和一个新的对象。婴儿会听到一个匹配的词（例如，当看到脚和果汁时，听到“foot”），一个相关的词（例如，当看到脚和果汁时，听到“sock”）或一个临时词（例如，当看到一个新的物体和狗时，听到“fep”）。在整个样本中，婴儿在匹配和随机试验中可靠地固定了所指对象。在关键的相关试验中，我们发现随着年龄的增长，人们越来越少地关注不正确的（但相关的）图像。这些结果表明，一岁的奥尔兹看熟悉的物体时，他们听到他们的标签，当他们听到相关的标签，以类似的程度，但在第二年越来越依赖于语义匹配。我们认为婴儿最初的语义表征是不精确的，并在出生后的第二年继续锐化。
The present study investigated infants' knowledge about familiar nouns. Infants (n = 46, 12-20-month-olds) saw two-image displays of familiar objects, or one familiar and one novel object. Infants heard either a matching word (e.g. "foot' when seeing foot and juice), a related word (e.g. "sock" when seeing foot and juice) or a nonce word (e.g. "fep" when seeing a novel object and dog). Across the whole sample, infants reliably fixated the referent on matching and nonce trials. On the critical related trials we found increasingly less looking to the incorrect (but related) image with age. These results suggest that one-year-olds look at familiar objects both when they hear them labeled and when they hear related labels, to similar degrees, but over the second year increasingly rely on semantic fit. We suggest that infants' initial semantic representations are imprecise, and continue to sharpen over the second postnatal year.