An alternative interpretation of nanobacteria-induced biomineralization
An alternative interpretation of nanobacteria-induced biomineralization
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.21.11511
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发表时间：
2000-10-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kopecko, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cisar, JO;Xu, DQ;Kopecko, DJ
从人类肾结石中分离纳米细菌的报道提出了这些微生物是病理性肾外钙化的病原体的有趣的可能性[Kajander，E. O. & Ciftcioglu. N.等人（1998）Proc. Acad. Sci. USA 95，8274-8279]。纳米细菌先前在DMEM中长时间孵育后从FBS中分离。通过核酸染色、16 SrDNA测序、电镜观察等方法，在钙化颗粒和生物被膜中鉴定出这些细菌。以及可转移的生物矿化活性的证明。我们现在已经确定了假定的纳米细菌，不仅从FBS，而且从人唾液和牙菌斑后，培养的0.45 μ m膜过滤的样品在DMEM中。虽然我们的“培养物”中的生物矿化可转移到新鲜的DMEM中。脱钙生物膜的分子检测未能检测到预期来自活实体生长的核酸或蛋白质。叠氮化钠对生物矿化无抑制作用。此外，发现先前归因于Nanobacterium sangoineum和Nanobacterium sp.的169 rDNA序列与先前在PCR中检测到的污染物的环境微生物Phyllobacterium mysinacearum的rDNA序列无法区分。因此。这些数据并没有为以前未发现的细菌属的存在提供合理的支持。相反，我们提供的证据表明，以前归因于纳米细菌的生物矿化可能是由无生命的大分子发起的，并通过自繁殖的微晶磷灰石转移到“继代培养”。
The reported isolation of nanobacteria from human kidney stones raises the intriguing possibility that these microorganisms are etiological agents of pathological extraskeletal calcification [Kajander, E. O. & Ciftcioglu. N. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 8274-8279]. Nanobacteria were previously isolated from FBS after prolonged incubation in DMEM. These bacteria initiated biomineralization of the culture medium and were identified in calcified particles and biofilms by nucleic acid stains, 16S rDNA sequencing, electron microscopy. and the demonstration of a transferable biomineralization activity. We have now identified putative nanobacteria, not only from FBS, but also from human saliva and dental plaque after the incubation of 0.45-mu m membrane-filtered samples in DMEM. Although biomineralization in our "cultures" was transferable to fresh DMEM. molecular examination of decalcified biofilms failed to detect nucleic acid or protein that would be expected from growth of a living entity. In addition, biomineralization was not inhibited by sodium azide. Furthermore, the 169 rDNA sequences previously ascribed to Nanobacterium sangoineum and Nanobacterium sp. were found to be indistinguishable from those of an environmental microorganism, Phyllobacterium mysinacearum, that has been previously detected as a contaminant in PCR. Thus. these data do not provide plausible support for the existence of a previously undiscovered bacterial genus. Instead, we provide evidence that biomineralization previously attributed to nanobacteria may be initiated by nonliving macromolecules and transferred on "subculture" by self-propagating microcrystalline apatite.