A case study of implicit mentoring, its prevalence, and impact in Apache

A case study of implicit mentoring, its prevalence, and impact in Apache
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隐性指导及其在 Apache 中的流行程度和影响的案例研究

DOI:
10.1145/3540250.3549167
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ahmed, Iftekhar
Ahmed, Iftekhar
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Feng, Zixuan;Chatterjee, Amreeta;Sarma, Anita;Ahmed, Iftekhar

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传统上,导师制被视为一种自上而下的二元学徒制。然而,这种观点忽略了开发人员投入时间和精力的日常活动中发生的其他形式的非正式指导。在这里,我们调查非正式的指导发生在开源软件(OSS)。我们定义了一种特定类型的非正式的辅导隐式辅导的情况下,贡献者指导他人通过指令和建议嵌入在日常(OSS)的活动。我们首先对指导的相关工作进行了回顾,然后通过与OSS贡献者的形成性访谈和成员检查来定义隐式指导。接下来,通过对37个Apache项目中的Pull Request(PR)的实证调查,我们构建了一个分类器来提取隐含的指导。我们对107,895个PR的分析表明,隐式指导确实通过代码评审发生(所有PR中有27.41%包括隐式指导),并且对导师和学员都有好处。我们通过调查OSS贡献者在项目中的贡献和学习轨迹,分析了隐式指导对他们的影响。通过在线调查(N=231),我们对这些结果进行了三角分析,并从OSS贡献者的角度确定了隐式指导的潜在好处。
Mentoring is traditionally viewed as a dyadic, top-down apprenticeship. This perspective, however, overlooks other forms of informal mentoring taking place in everyday activities in which developers invest time and effort. Here, we investigate informal mentoring taking place in Open Source Software (OSS). We define a specific type of informal mentoring—implicit mentoring—situations where contributors guide others through instructions and suggestions embedded in everyday (OSS) activities. We defined implicit mentoring by first performing a review of related work on mentoring, and then through formative interviews with OSS contributors and member-checking. Next, through an empirical investigation of Pull Requests (PRs) in 37 Apache Projects, we built a classifier to extract implicit mentoring. Our analysis of 107,895 PRs shows that implicit mentoring does occur through code reviews (27.41% of all PRs included implicit mentoring) and is beneficial for both mentors and mentees. We analyzed the impact of implicit mentoring on OSS contributors by investigating their contributions and learning trajectories in their projects. Through an online survey (N=231), we then triangulated these results and identified the potential benefits of implicit mentoring from OSS contributors’ perspectives.
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