Rapid screening for sarcopenia.
Rapid screening for sarcopenia.
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DOI：
10.1002/jcsm.12079
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cao L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morley JE;Cao L
肌肉萎缩性疾病的四种主要说法是恶病质、骨质疏松症、营养不良和先天性。其中1、2例，最常见的是骨质疏松症。3-7由于骨质疏松症是一种临床情况，会导致各种不良后果，包括8-13岁老年人的行动不便、跌倒、残疾和死亡，因此通过提供骨质疏松症的ICD-10代码认识到识别和治疗骨质疏松症的重要性。自欧洲工作组关于老年人骨腐症的协商一致文件发表以来，14还发表了一些其他定义。15-18所有这些定义都强调，骨质疏松症应该被定义为与肌肉质量丧失相关的肌肉功能丧失。19-21这一定义的改变是因为认识到肌肉质量和肌肉表现与肌肉质量没有直接关系。22这似乎是两个因素造成的，即骨质疏松症是一种神经肌肉交界性疾病23，24和脂肪在衰老过程中渗透到肌肉中。25、26传统上，肌肉质量的测量是通过拟人化测量或双能量X射线吸收测量法来完成的。然而，也使用了超声波、生物电阻抗、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像。古德曼等人，28利用NHANES数据，建议身体质量指数(BMI)是一个合理的替代骨骼肌指数。Yu等人。29个利用BMI、体重和年龄的方程，并表明这些方程是预测骨骼肌质量的极佳方程。最近一项评估骨质疏松症的方法的综述发现，对于流行病学研究，根据现代定义，测量肌肉质量的生物电阻抗结合步速或握力测力是识别骨质疏松症最简单的方法。30最近的研究表明，FRAX中使用的问题作为诊断骨折风险的一部分，在不测量骨密度的情况下使用时，在识别风险方面具有很好的特异性和敏感性。31这增加了通过一份简单的问卷就可以确定患有石棺减少症的人的可能性。这导致了SARC-F作为一种简单的问卷来快速诊断骨质疏松症的发展(表1)。32、33曹等人。34项研究显示，SARC-F在过去2年中与身体表现、握力差和住院有关。Woo等人。35显示SARC-F在识别根据欧洲或亚洲工作组定义诊断为石棺减少症的人时具有极好的特异性。此外，香港小组显示，SARC-F对步行速度、身体限制、住院和死亡率具有类似的预测价值，与美国国立卫生研究院基金会和其他四个关于石棺减少的共识定义类似。36 Woo等人。37然后证明了它可以被使用
The four major comments of muscle wasting disease are cachexia, sarcopenia, malnutrition and congenital. 1, 2 Of these, the most common is sarcopenia. 3–7 Since sarcopenia is a clinical situation which causes various adverse outcomes, including immobility, falls, disability and death in older people 8–13, the importance of recognizing and treating sarcopenia has been recognized by providing an ICD-10 code for sarcopenia. Since the publication of the European Working Group consensus paper on sarcopenia in older persons, 14 a number of other definitions have been published. 15–18 All these definitions have stressed that sarcopenia should be defined as a loss of muscle function associated with a loss of muscle mass. 19–21 This change in definition was necessitated by the recognition that muscle quality and, therefore, muscle performance were not directly related to muscle mass. 22 Two factors appear to be responsible for this, viz the fact that sarcopenia is a neuromuscular junction disease23, 24 and the infiltration of fat into muscle during the ageing process. 25, 26 The measurement of muscle mass has classically been done by anthropomorphic measures or dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. 27 However, ultrasound, bioelectrical impedance, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging have also been used. Goodman et al., 28 utilizing the NHANES data, suggested that Body Mass Index (BMI) is a reasonable proxy as a skeletal muscle index. Yu et al. 29 utilized equations using BMI, weight, and age and showed that these are excellent predictive equations for skeletal muscle mass. A recent review of methods to assess sarcopenia found that for epidemiological studies, bioelectrical impedance for measuring muscle mass coupled with either gait speed or grip dynamometry were the most simple methods to identify sarcopenia based on the modern definitions. 30 Recently it was shown that the questions used in the FRAX as part of diagnosis fracture risk had excellent specificity and sensitivity in recognizing risk when used without measuring bone mineral density. 31 This raised the possibility that persons with sarcopenia could be identified by a simple questionnaire. This led to the development of SARC-F as a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia (Table 1). 32, 33 Cao et al. 34 showed that SARC-F was associated with poor physical performance, grip strength, and hospitalization in the previous 2 years. Woo et al. 35 showed that SARC-F has excellent specificity when identifying persons with sarcopenia diagnosed by either the European or Asian working group definitions. Further, the Hong Kong group showed that SARC-F had similar predictive value for walking speed, physical limitation, hospitalization, and mortality as the Foundation of the National Institutes of Health and four other consensus definitions for sarcopenia. 36 Woo et al. 37 then showed that it could be used