Raising the ‘Meritocracy’
Raising the ‘Meritocracy’
复制标题
提升“精英统治”
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Val Gillies
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Val Gillies
“个性化”和“风险”理论已经将注意力从不平等的物质和结构根源转移开，并认可了一种根据个人素质进行阶级区分的心理学观点。本文将展示如何通过当代对儿童抚养实践的关注，将弱势与特定形式的主观性联系起来并加以制度化。“社会排斥”的话语构建工人阶级家庭缺乏个人技能和道德责任，注定要转移不利到他们的孩子在一个“剥夺的循环”。这一观点支撑了英国目前的政策重点养育子女，其特点是国家努力规范和控制的方式，儿童长大。通过对不同社会背景的父母进行定性研究，本文将展示这种方法如何未能认识到育儿的社会和物质基础。
Theories of ‘individualization’ and ‘risk’ have shifted attention away from the material and structural roots of inequality and sanctioned a psychologized view of class distinctions in terms of personal qualities. This article will demonstrate how the association of disadvantage with a particular form of subjectivity is operationalized and institutionalized through a contemporary focus on childrearing practices. Discourses of ‘social exclusion’ construct working-class families as lacking in personal skills and moral responsibility, destined to transfer disadvantage to their children in a ‘cycle of deprivation’.This view underpins the current UK policy focus on parenting, characterized by state efforts to regulate and control the way children are brought up. Drawing on qualitative research with parents across a wide range of social backgrounds, this article will show how such an approach fails to recognize the socially and materially grounded nature of childrearing.