Perspective New Religions and Alternative Religions
Perspective New Religions and Alternative Religions
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新宗教和另类宗教的视角
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Robbins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Robbins
关于“新宗教”的论述存在一定程度的不连贯。这在一定程度上与将“新宗教”等同于“另类宗教”的倾向有关，好像它们是相同的现象。“新宗教运动”的内在概念强调内部属性，如第一代成员。外在的、关系的概念将焦点转移到群体与主导社会文化模式的不一致上。但是，一些“错位”的群体可能不是按时间顺序排列的“新”群体，而一些“新”的群体可能实际上是很好地对齐的。缺乏一致性应该被视为“另类宗教”的标志，这些宗教可能是也可能不是（本质上定义的）“新宗教”。“然而，在相对宽容的美国，持续存在的宗教往往很快就会结盟，因此主要是组织上的新宗教缺乏结盟。
A degree of incoherence has marked discourse about "new religions." This is partly related to the tendency to equate "new religions" with "alternative religions," as if they were identical phenomena. Intrinsic conceptions of "new religious movements" emphasize internal properties such as first generation membership. Extrinsic, relational conceptions shift the focus to the group9s lack of alignment with dominant sociocultural patterns. But some "misaligned" groups may not be chronologically "new," while some "new" groups may actually be well aligned. Lack of alignment should be treated as the hallmark of "alternative religions," which may or may not be (intrinsically defined) "new religions." However, in the relatively tolerant United States, persisting religions tend to become aligned quickly, such that it is mainly organizationally new religions which lack alignment.