Epigenetic regulation of gene responsiveness in Arabidopsis.
Epigenetic regulation of gene responsiveness in Arabidopsis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2013.00548
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发表时间：
2014-01-07
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Kim JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
To TK;Kim JM
染色质结构的调控是真核生物正常转录反应的必然结果。最近在拟南芥中的报道表明，基因的反应性是由特定的染色质状态调节的。其中一个特征是H2A.Z，一种在真核生物中保守的组蛋白变体。在拟南芥中，H2A.Z在转录可变基因的基因体中富集，这与在组成型基因中发现的基因DNA甲基化相反。在没有H2A.Z的情况下，通常在基因体内携带H2A.Z的基因转录失调，而DNA甲基化不受影响。因此，H2A.Z可以促进基因表达的变异性而不影响基因DNA甲基化。另一个可能对基因反应性很重要的表观遗传信息是组蛋白H3赖氨酸4（H3K4me3）的三甲基化。当胁迫应答基因被转录激活时，H3K4me3的水平增加，并且在从胁迫中恢复后其降低。然而，即使在恢复后，H3K4me3仍保持在一些非典型水平，这表明H3K4me3可能在应激记忆中发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结并讨论了越来越多的证据连接染色质特征和基因反应性。
The regulation of chromatin structure is inevitable for proper transcriptional response in eukaryotes. Recent reports in Arabidopsis have suggested that gene responsiveness is modulated by particular chromatin status. One such feature is H2A.Z, a histone variant conserved among eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis, H2A.Z is enriched within gene bodies of transcriptionally variable genes, which is in contrast to genic DNA methylation found within constitutive genes. In the absence of H2A.Z, the genes normally harboring H2A.Z within gene bodies are transcriptionally misregulated, while DNA methylation is unaffected. Therefore, H2A.Z may promote variability of gene expression without affecting genic DNA methylation. Another epigenetic information that could be important for gene responsiveness is trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3). The level of H3K4me3 increases when stress responsive genes are transcriptionally activated, and it decreases after recovery from the stress. Even after the recovery, however, H3K4me3 is kept at some atypical levels, suggesting possible role of H3K4me3 for a stress memory. In this review, we summarize and discuss the growing evidences connecting chromatin features and gene responsiveness.
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