Microstructures imply cataclasis and authigenic mineral formation control geomechanical properties of New Zealand's Alpine Fault

Microstructures imply cataclasis and authigenic mineral formation control geomechanical properties of New Zealand's Alpine Fault
复制标题

微观结构意味着碎裂和自生矿物形成控制新西兰高山断层的地质力学特性

DOI:
10.1016/j.jsg.2018.03.001
复制
发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Dresen
Dresen
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schuck;Janssen;Schleicher;Dresen

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

阿尔卑斯断层能够产生大地震(MW> 8),是新西兰南岛的主要地质灾害,并且处于250-291年地震周期的后期。为了最大限度地减少其潜在的危害,它是必不可少的识别和理解的过程影响地质力学行为和强度演变的断层。高分辨率显微结构,矿物学和地球化学分析的阿尔卑斯山断层的核心证明围岩破碎,矿物溶解和胶结作用的辅助下,形成了一个细粒的主滑动带(PSZ)。一个复杂的网络,相互交叉切割方解石脉意味着断层发生在扩张,滑动和密封的插曲。流体辅助的渗透性导致断层核中的脉形成所容纳的显著体积增加。未变形的自形方解石晶体和切割下盘砾石的方解石脉表明,这些过程发生在非常接近地球表面的地方。微观结构的证据表明,catacquisition过程占主导地位的变形,我们认为,粉末润滑和晶粒滚动,特别是丰富的纳米粒子的影响,发挥了关键作用,在故障核心的速度弱化行为,而不是摩擦滑动。这进一步得到了蒙皂石的缺乏的支持,考虑到最近测量的超过120 °C km− 1的地热梯度和PSZ的不可渗透性,这两者都限制了这一阶段的增长并限制了其稳定性。我们的观察表明,高温流体可以影响自生矿物的形成,从而控制断层的地质力学行为及其强度的循环演化。
The Alpine Fault is capable of generating large (MW> 8) earthquakes and is the main geohazard on South Island, NZ, and late in its 250–291-year seismic cycle. To minimize its hazard potential, it is indispensable to identify and understand the processes influencing the geomechanical behavior and strength-evolution of the fault. High-resolution microstructural, mineralogical and geochemical analyses of the Alpine Fault's core demonstrate wall rock fragmentation, assisted by mineral dissolution, and cementation resulting in the formation of a fine-grained principal slip zone (PSZ). A complex network of anastomosing and mutually cross-cutting calcite veins implies that faulting occurred during episodes of dilation, slip and sealing. Fluid-assisted dilatancy leads to a significant volume increase accommodated by vein formation in the fault core. Undeformed euhedral chlorite crystals and calcite veins that have cut footwall gravels demonstrate that these processes occurred very close to the Earth's surface. Microstructural evidence indicates that cataclastic processes dominate the deformation and we suggest that powder lubrication and grain rolling, particularly influenced by abundant nanoparticles, play a key role in the fault core's velocity-weakening behavior rather than frictional sliding. This is further supported by the absence of smectite, which is reasonable given recently measured geothermal gradients of more than 120 °C km−1and the impermeable nature of the PSZ, which both limit the growth of this phase and restrict its stability to shallow depths. Our observations demonstrate that high-temperature fluids can influence authigenic mineral formation and thus control the fault's geomechanical behavior and the cyclic evolution of its strength.
新西兰南阿尔卑斯山中部阿尔卑斯断层附近的微震活动和应力
DOI: 10.1029/2011jb008460
发表时间: 2012
影响因子: --
作者:
C. Boese;John Townend;Euan Smith;T. Stern
通讯作者: T. Stern
DOI: 10.1002/2017jb013942
发表时间: 2017
期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子: --
作者:
E. Warren‐Smith;S. Lamb;T. Stern
通讯作者: T. Stern
两种粘度的故事
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsg.2009.04.010
发表时间: 2009
影响因子: 3.1
作者:
M. Jessell;P. Bons;A. Griera;L. Evans;C. Wilson
通讯作者: C. Wilson
DOI: 10.1002/2015gl066478
发表时间: 2015
影响因子: 5.2
作者:
P. Martínez‐Garzón;M. Bohnhoff;Y. Ben‐Zion;G. Dresen
通讯作者: G. Dresen
新西兰阿尔卑斯断层中部的热状况:来自微观结构、黑云母化学和流体包裹体数据的约束
DOI: --
发表时间: 2010
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
V. Toy;D. Craw;A. Cooper;R. Norris
通讯作者: R. Norris