Microstructures imply cataclasis and authigenic mineral formation control geomechanical properties of New Zealand's Alpine Fault
Microstructures imply cataclasis and authigenic mineral formation control geomechanical properties of New Zealand's Alpine Fault
复制标题
微观结构意味着碎裂和自生矿物形成控制新西兰高山断层的地质力学特性
DOI:
10.1016/j.jsg.2018.03.001
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Dresen
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schuck;Janssen;Schleicher;Dresen
The Alpine Fault is capable of generating large (MW> 8) earthquakes and is the main geohazard on South Island, NZ, and late in its 250–291-year seismic cycle. To minimize its hazard potential, it is indispensable to identify and understand the processes influencing the geomechanical behavior and strength-evolution of the fault. High-resolution microstructural, mineralogical and geochemical analyses of the Alpine Fault's core demonstrate wall rock fragmentation, assisted by mineral dissolution, and cementation resulting in the formation of a fine-grained principal slip zone (PSZ). A complex network of anastomosing and mutually cross-cutting calcite veins implies that faulting occurred during episodes of dilation, slip and sealing. Fluid-assisted dilatancy leads to a significant volume increase accommodated by vein formation in the fault core. Undeformed euhedral chlorite crystals and calcite veins that have cut footwall gravels demonstrate that these processes occurred very close to the Earth's surface. Microstructural evidence indicates that cataclastic processes dominate the deformation and we suggest that powder lubrication and grain rolling, particularly influenced by abundant nanoparticles, play a key role in the fault core's velocity-weakening behavior rather than frictional sliding. This is further supported by the absence of smectite, which is reasonable given recently measured geothermal gradients of more than 120 °C km−1and the impermeable nature of the PSZ, which both limit the growth of this phase and restrict its stability to shallow depths. Our observations demonstrate that high-temperature fluids can influence authigenic mineral formation and thus control the fault's geomechanical behavior and the cyclic evolution of its strength.
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影响因子:
--
作者:
C. Boese;John Townend;Euan Smith;T. Stern
通讯作者:
T. Stern
DOI:
10.1002/2017jb013942
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
作者:
E. Warren‐Smith;S. Lamb;T. Stern
通讯作者:
T. Stern
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
M. Jessell;P. Bons;A. Griera;L. Evans;C. Wilson
通讯作者:
C. Wilson
影响因子:
5.2
作者:
P. Martínez‐Garzón;M. Bohnhoff;Y. Ben‐Zion;G. Dresen
通讯作者:
G. Dresen
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
V. Toy;D. Craw;A. Cooper;R. Norris
通讯作者:
R. Norris