Solar Disinfection of Viruses in Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles
Solar Disinfection of Viruses in Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02897-15
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kohn, Tamar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carratala, Anna;Calado, Alex Dionisio;Kohn, Tamar
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）瓶中饮用水的日光消毒（SODIS）是一种简单，有效的灭活许多细菌病原体的使用点技术。相比之下，SODIS对抗病毒的效率并不为人所知。本文研究了SODIS对噬菌体（MS2和phi X174）和人病毒（echovirus 11和腺病毒2型）的灭活作用。我们将PET瓶暴露在不同温度（15、22、26和40摄氏度）的（模拟）阳光下，并在不同成分和来源的水源（印度和瑞士）中进行了实验。在22摄氏度的瑞士自来水中，MS2的失活效果很好（暴露在1.34 kJ/cm(2)的总影响下，MS2失活> - 6对数），而在印度水域和埃可病毒的失活效果较差（在相同的影响下失活1.5对数）。所研究的DNA病毒，phi X174和腺病毒，对SODIS具有抗性，并且观察到的失活与在黑暗中发生的失活相同。高温显著增强MS2失活；在40℃下，瑞士自来水在暴露于仅0.18 kJ/cm(2)的影响下即可实现3对数失活。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，SODIS可能会减少单链RNA （ssRNA）病毒（如echovirus）的负载，特别是在高温和光反应基质中。相反，可能需要补充措施来确保抗氧化DNA病毒在SODIS期间有效灭活。
Solar disinfection (SODIS) of drinking water in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles is a simple, efficient point-of-use technique for the inactivation of many bacterial pathogens. In contrast, the efficiency of SODIS against viruses is not well known. In this work, we studied the inactivation of bacteriophages (MS2 and phi X174) and human viruses (echovirus 11 and adenovirus type 2) by SODIS. We conducted experiments in PET bottles exposed to (simulated) sunlight at different temperatures (15, 22, 26, and 40 degrees C) and in water sources of diverse compositions and origins (India and Switzerland). Good inactivation of MS2 (>6-log inactivation after exposure to a total fluence of 1.34 kJ/cm(2)) was achieved in Swiss tap water at 22 degrees C, while less-efficient inactivation was observed in Indian waters and for echovirus (1.5-log inactivation at the same fluence). The DNA viruses studied, phi X174 and adenovirus, were resistant to SODIS, and the inactivation observed was equivalent to that occurring in the dark. High temperatures enhanced MS2 inactivation substantially; at 40 degrees C, 3-log inactivation was achieved in Swiss tap water after exposure to a fluence of only 0.18 kJ/cm(2). Overall, our findings demonstrate that SODIS may reduce the load of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses, such as echoviruses, particularly at high temperatures and in photoreactive matrices. In contrast, complementary measures may be needed to ensure efficient inactivation during SODIS of DNA viruses resistant to oxidation.