Cell biology of stem cells: an enigma of asymmetry and self-renewal.

Cell biology of stem cells: an enigma of asymmetry and self-renewal.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200712159
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发表时间:
2008-01-28
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lin H
Lin H
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lin H

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干细胞为细胞生物学提供了广阔的新领域。干细胞研究中的一个中心问题是干细胞如何实现不对称分裂以复制自身,同时产生分化的子代细胞。干细胞的这一特征要么在每个有丝分裂中严格表现出来,要么在几个分裂中松散地表现出来。目前的研究已经揭示了在干细胞分裂过程中,生态位信号、内在细胞极性、亚细胞定位机制、不对称中心体和纺锤体以及细胞周期调节因子在建立自我更新不对称性中的关键作用。这一进展在很大程度上得益于对模型干细胞系统的研究,如果蝇、黑腹果蝇神经母细胞、生殖系干细胞和哺乳动物皮肤干细胞。在不同类型的干细胞中进一步研究这些问题将大大提高我们对细胞生物学的知识,并使我们能够有效地利用干细胞用于治疗应用。
Stem cells present a vast, new terrain of cell biology. A central question in stem cell research is how stem cells achieve asymmetric divisions to replicate themselves while producing differentiated daughter cells. This hallmark of stem cells is manifested either strictly during each mitosis or loosely among several divisions. Current research has revealed the crucial roles of niche signaling, intrinsic cell polarity, subcellular localization mechanism, asymmetric centrosomes and spindles, as well as cell cycle regulators in establishing self-renewing asymmetry during stem cell division. Much of this progress has benefited from studies in model stem cell systems such as Drosophila melanogaster neuroblasts and germline stem cells and mammalian skin stem cells. Further investigations of these questions in diverse types of stem cells will significantly advance our knowledge of cell biology and allow us to effectively harness stem cells for therapeutic applications.
不对称的中心体行为和干细胞分裂的机制。
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