Observation of Thermalization and Information Scrambling in a Superconducting Quantum Processor
Observation of Thermalization and Information Scrambling in a Superconducting Quantum Processor
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超导量子处理器中热化和信息加扰的观察
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.128.160502
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Xiaobo Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qingling Zhu;Zheng-Hang Sun;Ming Gong;Fusheng Chen;Yu-Ran Zhang;Yulin Wu;Yangsen Ye;Chen Zha;Shaowei Li;Shaojun Guo;Haoran Qian;He-Liang Huang;Jiale Yu;Hui Deng;Hao Rong;Jin Lin;Yu Xu;Lihua Sun;Cheng Guo;Na Li;Futian Liang;Cheng-Zhi Peng;Heng Fan;Xiaobo Z
理解封闭量子多体系统的非平衡动力学中的各种现象，如量子热化、信息置乱和非遍历动力学，对现代物理学至关重要。利用梯形超导量子处理器，我们对梯形模型和一维模型进行了模拟量子模拟。通过测量局域可观测量、纠缠熵和三方互信息的动力学，我们在梯子上发出量子热化和信息置乱的信号。与此相反，我们表明，链，作为一个一维晶格上的自由费米子，未能热化吉布斯系综，和本地信息不混乱的可积通道。我们的实验揭示了可控量子位梯的遍历性和混乱性，为进一步研究量子多体系统的热力学和混沌打开了大门。
Understanding various phenomena in nonequilibrium dynamics of closed quantum many-body systems, such as quantum thermalization, information scrambling, and nonergodic dynamics, is crucial for modern physics. Using a ladder-type superconducting quantum processor, we perform analog quantum simulations of both the-ladder model and the one-dimensionalmodel. By measuring the dynamics of local observables, entanglement entropy, and tripartite mutual information, we signal quantum thermalization and information scrambling in theladder. In contrast, we show that thechain, as free fermions on a one-dimensional lattice, fails to thermalize to the Gibbs ensemble, and local information does not scramble in the integrable channel. Our experiments reveal ergodicity and scrambling in the controllable qubit ladder, and open the door to further investigations on the thermodynamics and chaos in quantum many-body systems.