Camelina growth and yield response to sowing depth and rate in the northern Corn Belt USA.
Camelina growth and yield response to sowing depth and rate in the northern Corn Belt USA.
复制标题
美国北部玉米带的亚麻荠生长和产量对播种深度和播种量的响应。
DOI：
10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.10.051
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
F. Forcella
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Gesch;H. Dose;F. Forcella
亚麻荠（Camelina sativa L.）作为生物燃料、生物产品和健康食品应用的高产替代油籽作物，正引起人们的兴趣。发展合理的农艺措施是优化其种子油产量潜力的关键。在某些环境中，亚麻荠的种植林分建立一直存在问题，这可能与其种子较小和目前建议浅播有关。浅播可以减少种子与土壤的接触，使种子暴露在大的土壤温度和湿度波动中，这极大地影响发芽和出苗。2011年和2012年在明尼苏达州西部的巴恩斯壤土上进行了一项研究，以检查在1、2和4 cm的土壤深度以2、3和6 kg ha−1的播种量播种春亚麻荠的效果。出苗率随播种量的增加而增加，但对种子产量没有影响。2012年，1和2 cm播种深度之间的出苗率没有差异，而2011年2 cm深度的林分平均减少了29%，但两种播种深度之间的种子产量在任何一年都没有差异。然而，平均跨播种率，播种在4厘米导致了64%的立场减少和一个显着的22%的产量损失相比，1和2厘米的深度。播种深度和播种量均不影响种子含油量和收获指数。结果表明，亚麻荠在低种植密度下具有特殊的产量补偿能力，并且可以比通常推荐的播种深度（即，≤1.0 cm），而不影响北方玉米带的产量。对于某些温度和湿度波动较大的土壤，播种深度为2厘米可能是有益的。
Camelina (Camelina sativaL.) is gaining interest as a productive alternative oilseed crop for biofuels, bioproducts, and healthy food-use applications. Developing sound agronomic practices for its production is key to optimizing its seed oil yield potential. Plant stand establishment of camelina has been problematic in some environments, which may be related to its small seed size and current recommendation for shallow sowing. Shallow sowing can diminish seed to soil contact and expose seeds to large soil temperature and moisture fluctuations, which greatly affect germination and seedling emergence. A study was conducted in 2011 and 2012 on a Barnes loam soil in western Minnesota to examine the effects of sowing spring camelina at soil depths of 1, 2, and 4 cm at sowing rates of 2, 3, and 6 kg ha−1. Seedling emergence increased with sowing rate, but averaged across depths it had no effect on seed yield. Seedling emergence between the 1 and 2 cm sowing depths did not differ in 2012, while stands were reduced by an average of 29% at the 2 cm depth in 2011, but seed yields did not differ between the two sowing depths in either year. However, averaged across sowing rates, sowing at 4 cm led to a 64% stand reduction and a significant 22% loss of yield compared with the 1 and 2 cm depths. Neither sowing depth nor rate affected seed oil content or harvest index. Results show that camelina has exceptional yield compensation capacity at low plant densities and can be sown deeper than commonly recommended (i.e., ≤1.0 cm) without compromising yield in the northern Corn Belt. Sowing to a depth of 2 cm may be beneficial for certain soils prone to large temperature and moisture fluctuations.