The Arrangement of Marks Impacts Afforded Messages: Ordering, Partitioning, Spacing, and Coloring in Bar Charts

The Arrangement of Marks Impacts Afforded Messages: Ordering, Partitioning, Spacing, and Coloring in Bar Charts
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标记的排列影响所提供的消息:条形图中的排序、分区、间距和着色

DOI:
10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Bertini, Enrico
Bertini, Enrico
中科院分区:
计算机科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fygenson, Racquel;Franconeri, Steven;Bertini, Enrico

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数据可视化向观察者呈现大量潜在消息。人们可能会注意到一组的平均值大于另一组的平均值,或者值的差异小于其他两个组之​​间的差异,或者任何其他可能性的组合爆炸。观看者倾向于注意到的消息(可视化“提供”的消息)受到图表中值的排列方式(例如,值的颜色或位置)的强烈影响。尽管理解图表的排列和观众往往注意到的内容之间的映射对于创建指南和推荐系统至关重要,但当前的实证工作不足以制定明确的规则。在无处不在的条形图案例研究中,我们提出了一组经验评估,说明不同的消息(包括排名、分组和部分与整体的关系)如何通过值的排序、分区、间距和着色的变化来提供。在此过程中,我们引入了一种易于扩展、可审查和可复制的定量方法,为进一步研究排列对其他可视化和任务中的消息可供性的影响奠定了基础。预注册和所有补充材料可分别在 https://osf.io/np3q7 和 https://osf.io/bvy95 获取。
Data visualizations present a massive number of potential messages to an observer. One might notice that one group's average is larger than another's, or that a difference in values is smaller than a difference between two others, or any of a combinatorial explosion of other possibilities. The message that a viewer tends to notice – the message that a visualization ‘affords’ – is strongly affected by how values are arranged in a chart, e.g., how the values are colored or positioned. Although understanding the mapping between a chart's arrangement and what viewers tend to notice is critical for creating guidelines and recommendation systems, current empirical work is insufficient to lay out clear rules. We present a set of empirical evaluations of how different messages-including ranking, grouping, and part-to-whole relationships–are afforded by variations in ordering, partitioning, spacing, and coloring of values, within the ubiquitous case study of bar graphs. In doing so, we introduce a quantitative method that is easily scalable, reviewable, and replicable, laying groundwork for further investigation of the effects of arrangement on message affordances across other visualizations and tasks. Pre-registration and all supplemental materials are available at https://osf.io/np3q7 and https://osf.io/bvy95, respectively.
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