Evidence of age-related improvement in the foraging efficiency of Adélie penguins
Evidence of age-related improvement in the foraging efficiency of Adélie penguins
复制标题
阿德利企鹅觅食效率与年龄相关的改善的证据
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-39814-x
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
D. Ainley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Lescroël;G. Ballard;M. Massaro;Katie M. Dugger;S. Jennings;A. Pollard;E. Porzig;Annie E. Schmidt;A. Varsani;D. Grémillet;D. Ainley
生殖性能的年龄变化是有据可查的，但这种变化的机制仍不清楚。觅食效率可能是人口变化的一个关键来源，因为它决定了可以投资于健身相关活动的能量。成年海鸟觅食效率与年龄有关的变化的证据是稀缺和不一致的。我们研究了年龄对繁殖阿德利企鹅（一种寿命相对较短的海鸟物种）觅食效率的影响，以便更广泛地了解衰老率变化的驱动过程。我们发现支持年龄的积极影响，无论是线性的或在老年时趋于平稳，对我们的代理日渔获量和单位努力渔获量。在所有年龄段中，男性比女性更善于觅食。我们没有发现强有力的证据表明性别或个人素质水平之间的衰老模式不同，也没有衰老的证据。我们推断，在我们的研究地点，与选择性消失表现不佳的表型相比，持续的个体改善可能是觅食效率随年龄变化的主要原因。其他研究报告的不同结果强调了对不同环境中的一系列物种进行纵向研究的必要性。
Age variation in reproductive performance is well-documented but the mechanisms underlying this variation remain unclear. Foraging efficiency is likely to be a key source of demographic variation as it determines the amount of energy that can be invested in fitness-related activities. Evidence of age-related changes in the foraging efficiency of adult seabirds is scarce and inconsistent. We investigated the effects of age on the foraging efficiency of breeding Adélie penguins, a relatively short-lived seabird species, in order to gain a broader perspective on the processes driving variation in ageing rates. We found support for a positive effect of age, either linear or levelling off at old ages, on both our proxies for daily catch rate and catch per unit effort. Across all age classes, males were more performant foragers than females. We found no strong evidence for differing ageing patterns between sexes or individual quality levels, and no evidence for senescence. We infer that continuous individual improvement could be responsible for a larger amount of the variation in foraging efficiency with age at our study site, compared with selective disappearance of underperforming phenotypes. The different results reported by other studies highlight the need to conduct longitudinal studies across a range of species in different environments.