Methods and Materials
Methods and Materials
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-26574-2_2
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发表时间：
1956
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Amanda Alders Pike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amanda Alders Pike
20世纪80年代，以1:25 000比例尺进行景观野外测绘是研究区的基本方法。此外，还绘制了冰川及其边缘地带以及海岸线的范围。对包括红外照片在内的航空照片的判读以及对卫星数据的分析与实地调查的结果相结合。以下数据集用于人工圈定选定年份各冰川的范围：(1)波兰科学院1987年编辑的1:25 000地形图3张，(2)挪威极地研究所2007年编辑的1:10万比例尺地形图1张，(3)美国宇航局地球观测系统（EOS）提供的15 m空间分辨率的ASTER数据，由陆地过程分布式主动档案中心（LPDAAC）分发，(4)2008年9月1日获得的5 m空间分辨率的SPOT 5正射影像，由IPY SPIRIT项目提供。这些地图经过扫描，并根据一个共同的基准面和投影进行地理参考。利用数字高程模型估算冰川表面高程的变化。20世纪80年代初，开展了广泛的植被研究，采用Braun-Blanquet植物社会学方法，绘制了1:25 000比例尺的详细植被图。为了评估该地区可能发生的植被变化的速度和方向，2008年再次进行了上述研究。这两项研究的数据都得到了主要植被类型及其变化的照片的支持。
Landscape field mapping at a scale of 1:25,000 was the basic method of surveying the study area in the 1980s. Also the extent of the glaciers and their marginal zones as well as the sea coastline was mapped. The interpretation of aerial photographs, including the infrared ones, as well as the analysis of satellite data were combined with the results of field investigations. The following datasets were used in the manual delineation of the extent of each glacier in the chosen years: (1) three sheets of a topographic map 1:25,000, edited by the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1987, (2) a topographic map sheet at a scale of 1:100,000, edited by the Norwegian Polar Institute in 2007, (3) ASTER data with 15-m spatial resolution provided by NASA’s Earth Observing System (EOS), and distributed by the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LPDAAC), and (4) SPOT 5 Orthophoto with 5-m spatial resolution, acquired on September 1st, 2008, provided by the IPY SPIRIT project. The maps were scanned and georeferenced to a common datum and projection. Changes in glacier surface elevation were estimated using digital elevation models. In the early 1980s, extensive vegetation research was carried out, using the Braun-Blanquet phytosociological method and a detailed vegetation map at a 1:25,000 scale was constructed. To evaluate the speed and direction of possible vegetation changes in the area, the aforementioned research was repeated in 2008. In both studies data were supported by photographs of the main vegetation types and their changes.