Mechanical forces and metabolic changes cooperate to drive cellular memory and endothelial phenotypes.

Mechanical forces and metabolic changes cooperate to drive cellular memory and endothelial phenotypes.
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DOI:
10.1016/bs.ctm.2021.07.003
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wu D
Wu D
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li J;Fang Y;Wu D

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内皮细胞排列在动脉、静脉和淋巴管树的最内层,因此受到血液动力学、拉伸和刚度机械力的影响。通常静止的内皮细胞具有血液动力学设定点,并且响应于受干扰的血液动力学而变得“激活”,这可能是即将发生的营养物或气体耗尽的信号。大多数组织床中的内皮细胞通常是失活的,并维持血管屏障功能,具有抗炎、抗凝和抗血栓形成作用。然而,在异常的机械力作用下,内皮信号传导会发生相应的转化,导致预示病理性疾病的细胞变化。内皮细胞代谢是细胞转化的主要中间途径。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了各种机械力内皮细胞的感觉在大血管,微血管和血管,以及如何在环境机械力的变化导致代谢的变化,最终影响细胞生理,细胞记忆,并最终疾病的发生和发展。
Endothelial cells line the innermost layer of arterial, venous, and lymphatic vascular tree and accordingly are subject to hemodynamic, stretch, and stiffness mechanical forces. Normally quiescent, endothelial cells have a hemodynamic set point and become “activated” in response to disturbed hemodynamics, which may signal impending nutrient or gas depletion. Endothelial cells in the majority of tissue beds are normally inactivated and maintain vessel barrier functions, are anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, and anti-thrombotic. However, under aberrant mechanical forces, endothelial signaling transforms in response, resulting cellular changes that herald pathological diseases. Endothelial cell metabolism is now recognized as the primary intermediate pathway that undergirds cellular transformation. In this review, we discuss the various mechanical forces endothelial cells sense in the large vessels, microvasculature, and lymphatics, and how changes in environmental mechanical forces result in changes in metabolism, which ultimately influence cell physiology, cellular memory, and ultimately disease initiation and progression.
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