Diabetes, Obesity, and the Brain: New Developments in Biobehavioral Medicine.
Diabetes, Obesity, and the Brain: New Developments in Biobehavioral Medicine.
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0000000000000223
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ryan JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Everson-Rose SA;Ryan JP
糖尿病和肥胖是两个主要的公共卫生问题，与包括中枢神经系统在内的多个器官系统出现问题的风险增加有关。人们越来越认识到糖尿病和肥胖对认知功能的不利影响。本期《心身医学》特刊介绍了糖尿病、肥胖与大脑结构、功能和代谢之间联系的最新研究，此前美国心身学会于 2013 年 10 月组织了一次关于该主题的特别会议。回顾了糖尿病和肥胖患病率增加的证据，因为它与认知能力下降有关。这些论文表明，1型糖尿病的发病年龄可能与未来的认知功能有关，而2型糖尿病的病程以及社会文化因素则与衰老过程中的认知能力下降有关。下丘脑和其他神经回路，特别是作为进食和食物摄入奖励相关方面基础的多巴胺能系统，是肥胖的关键因素之一。利用减肥手术或行为方法减轻体重的积极作用来描述肥胖与认知功能之间关联的研究。本期最后提出了一个概念框架，将肥胖和糖尿病与衰老过程相关的认知加速衰退联系起来。该论文集强调了从寿命角度理解 1 型和 2 型糖尿病对大脑代谢、功能和结构影响的重要性。此外，这些研究表明，令人痛苦的环境条件会对肥胖和糖尿病的神经认知过程产生不利影响。
Diabetes and obesity, two major public health concerns, are associated with increased risk for problems in multiple organ systems, including the central nervous system. The adverse effects of diabetes and obesity on cognitive functioning are increasingly well recognized. This special issue of Psychosomatic Medicine features the latest research linking diabetes, obesity and brain structure, function and metabolism and follows a special meeting on this topic organized by the American Psychosomatic Society in October 2013. Evidence for the increased prevalence of diabetes and obesity is reviewed as it relates to cognitive decline. These papers indicate that the age of onset of Type 1 diabetes may be relevant to future cognitive function and that disease duration of Type 2 diabetes as well as sociocultural factors are related to cognitive decline during the aging process. The hypothalamus and other neural circuits, notably the dopaminergic system that underlies feeding and reward-related aspects of food intake, are among the key factors involved in obesity. Research on the associations between obesity and cognitive function is described using the positive effects of weight reduction following bariatric surgery or behavioral methods. This issue concludes with a conceptual framework for linking obesity and diabetes with accelerated cognitive decline as related to the aging process. The collection of papers highlights the importance of using a lifespan perspective to understand the influence of both Type1 and Type 2 diabetes on brain metabolism, function and structure. Moreover, these studies show that distressing environmental circumstances can adversely influence neurocognitive processes in obesity and diabetes.