Violent crime and alcohol availability: Relationships in an urban community
Violent crime and alcohol availability: Relationships in an urban community
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DOI：
10.2307/3343538
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ontkush, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Speer, PW;Gorman, DM;Ontkush, MJ
报告了新泽西州纽瓦克市暴力犯罪、社区社会人口特征和酒精销售点密度之间的关系，从而在更精细的分析水平上扩展了之前对市政当局的研究。酒精出口密度在回归模型中是显著的预测因素，但在较大的单位中更好地预测暴力犯罪率(人口普查区域水平的R-2=.673，人口普查区组水平的.543)。然而，酒精出口密度在较小的分析单位中更能预测暴力犯罪(在人口普查地区一级，酒精出口密度增加后的R-2变化为0.194，而在人口普查区组水平上为.278)。研究结果表明，饮酒点代表着城市社区的一种“不受欢迎的土地使用”形式，这是美国日益集中的经济劣势的表现。
The relationship between violent crime, neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics, and alcohol outlet densities in Newark, New Jersey is reported, thus extending previous research of municipalities at more refined levels of analysis. Alcohol outlet densities were significant predictors in regression models, but rates of violent crime were better predicted in larger units (R-2 = .673 for the census tract level vs. .543 at the census block group level). Alcohol outlet densities, however, were more predictive of violent crime at smaller units of analysis (change in R-2 with the addition of alcohol outlet densities was .194 at the census tract level vs. .278 at the census block group level). Findings suggest that alcohol outlets represent a form of "undesirable land use" in urban neighborhoods that are a manifestation of increasingly concentrated economic disadvantage in the United States.