An advanced numerical model for the assessment of airborne transmission of influenza in bus microenvironments
An advanced numerical model for the assessment of airborne transmission of influenza in bus microenvironments
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.05.003
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Demokritou, Philip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, Shengwei;Srebric, Jelena;Demokritou, Philip
将基于cfd的数值模型与Wells Riley方程相结合，对公交微环境等流行公共交通工具中空气传播流感的风险进行了数值评估。对目前公交车配置中广泛使用的三种混合通风方法和一种替代置换通风方法进行了数值评估，以限制空气传播流感感染的风险。此外，还研究了非空气再循环和空气再循环带过滤通风方式对流感感染概率的影响。仿真结果表明，高效过滤的空气再循环模式与非空气再循环模式（100%室外送风）的感染风险几乎相同，表明过滤在降低感染风险方面具有潜在的优势。此外，对于常用的混合通风方式，气流分布方式、回风/排气口位置和座位安排都会影响流感在乘客之间的空气传播。置换通风法在限制空气传播感染风险方面更为有效。总的来说，开发的数值模型可以深入了解微环境条件如何影响公共汽车上的空气传播。该数值模型可以帮助制定与其他经常使用的公共交通系统（如火车和飞机）有关的有效控制策略。(C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
A CFD-based numerical model was integrated with the Wells Riley equation to numerically assess the risk of airborne influenza infection in a popular means of public transportation, e.g. the bus microenvironment. Three mixing ventilation methods, which are widely used in current bus configurations, and an alternative displacement ventilation method were numerically assessed in terms of their ability to limit the risk of airborne influenza infection. Furthermore, both the non air-recirculation and air-recirculation with filtration ventilation modes were investigated in terms of the influenza infection probability. According to the simulation results, air-recirculation mode with high efficiency filtration was found to cause almost the same infection risk as non air-recirculation mode (100% outdoor air supply), which indicated a potential benefit of filtration in reducing the infection risk. Additionally, for the commonly used mixing ventilation methods, air distribution method, location of return/exhaust opening and seat arrangement affected the airborne transmission of influenza between passengers. The displacement ventilation method was found to be more effective in limiting the risk of airborne infection. Overall, the developed numerical model can provide insights into how the micro-environmental conditions affect airborne infection transmission in buses. This numerical model can assist in developing effective control strategies related to airborne transmitted diseases for other frequently used public transportation systems, such as trains and airplanes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.