Pulmonary Strongyloidiasis: The Varied Clinical Presentations.
Pulmonary Strongyloidiasis: The Varied Clinical Presentations.
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DOI：
10.1097/01.cpm.0000107609.50629.69
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Monti, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mokhlesi, Babak;Shulzhenko, Oksana;Monti, Catherine
粪类圆线虫是一种独特的寄生虫。它可以在人类宿主体内完成整个生命周期。因此，一个自动感染周期被建立起来。只要有一个完整的免疫系统，宿主就可以控制寄生虫的负担，并且生物体可以在初始接种后持续多年。大多数感染者会出现轻微的胃肠道或肺部症状，这些症状可能会持续数年。当细胞介导的免疫功能受损时（如使用皮质类固醇、恶性肿瘤、获得性免疫缺陷综合征），寄生虫负荷将生长、传播并引起过度感染。类圆线虫病是世界热带和亚热带地区的地方病;此外，它也是美国东南部的地方病。类圆线虫病与哮喘、既存肺病和免疫抑制（包括获得性免疫缺陷综合征）有关。嗜酸性粒细胞增多不是一个先决条件，因此，类圆线虫病的诊断需要高度怀疑。
Strongyloides stercoralis is a unique parasite. It can complete its life cycle entirely within the human host. As a result, an autoinfection cycle is set up. As long as there is an intact immune system, the host can control the parasitic burden, and the organism may persist for years after the initial inoculum. Most infected individuals experience mild gastrointestinal or pulmonary symptoms that may fluctuate for years. When cell-mediated immunity becomes impaired (ie, corticosteroid use, malignancy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), the parasite burden will grow, disseminate, and cause hyperinfection. Strongyloidiasis is endemic in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world; additionally, it is also endemic in the southeastern United States. Strongyloidiasis is associated with asthma, preexisting lung disease, and immunosuppression, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Eosinophilia is not a prerequisite; therefore, the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis requires a high index of suspicion.