The Geography of Inequality in the United States, 1950-2000
The Geography of Inequality in the United States, 1950-2000
复制标题
美国不平等的地理分布，1950-2000 年
DOI：
10.1353/urb.2003.0012
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mary J. Fischer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Massey;Mary J. Fischer
谎言变得更加隔离，只有一种可能的结果：富裕和贫困都将在地理上变得更加集中。经济上富裕的家庭将越来越多地与其他富裕家庭住在一起并互动，而那些缺乏经济资源的家庭将主要与其他贫困家庭住在一起并互动。在这种情况下，富人和穷人的社会世界将日益分化。穷人将倾向于居住在高风险社区，这大大降低了社会经济成功的几率，而富人将享受一个安全可靠的世界，这增加了在各个方面取得成功的可能性。随着两者的分化，贫穷社区和富裕社区的物质利益也将出现分歧。富裕社区（高财产价值）的高收入家庭的居民将有动力以低税率向自己征税，以提供良好的公共服务，而生活在贫困社区（低财产价值）的穷人，如果他们想获得甚至接近富裕社区提供的服务质量，就必须向自己征收高税率。然而，如果价值较高，则可以以较低的利率产生相同的收入。如果富裕社区和贫穷社区相对应，就分开征税
lies become more segregated, only one outcome is possible: affluence and poverty both will become more geographically concentrated. Families that are well-off financially will increasingly live near and interact with other affluent families, and those that lack economic resources will live near and interact mainly with other poor families. Under these circumstances, the social worlds of the rich and poor will increasingly diverge. The poor will tend to inhabit high-risk neighborhoods that significantly lower the odds of socioeconomic success, while the affluent will enjoy a safe and secure world that enhances the possibilities of success on a variety of fronts. As they grow apart, the material interests of poor and affluent communities will also diverge. Residents of high-income households in affluent communities (with high property values) will have an incentive to tax themselves at low rates to provide good public services, while poor people living in poor communities (with low property values) will have to tax themselves at high rates if they are to receive services that even approach the quality of those offered in more affluent communities. With high values, however, the same revenue can be generated with lower rates. If the affluent and poor communities correspond to separate taxing