Climate changes during the Holocene recorded by lakes from Europe
Climate changes during the Holocene recorded by lakes from Europe
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欧洲湖泊记录的全新世气候变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Vassiljev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Harrison;Ge Yu;J. Vassiljev
湖泊记录提供了一个重要的信息来源，气候变化的亚千年到千年的时间尺度在全新世。对欧洲湖泊记录的分析表明，在全新世，湖泊状况（水深、面积或体积变化的定性指标）的变化具有区域一致性模式，反映了气候引起的区域水收支变化。在欧洲的许多地区，湖泊状况的快速变化发生在9500-9000年、7500-7000年和4500-4000年BP之间。这种变化的时间上明显的同步性，尽管方向因地区而异，表明湖泊状况的变化是由大气环流的重大重组引起的区域水平衡变化驱动的。模拟研究表明，降水量的变化是整个欧洲湖泊行为变化的最重要原因，因为温带潮湿地区的湖泊水平衡在很大程度上受集水区径流的控制。冬季降水的变化产生更大的变化，径流，因此在湖泊的反应，比在夏季生长季节的变化。在太阳辐射接收量高的地方，对降水量变化的敏感性增强：因此，降水量的特定变化将对南欧和东欧的湖水平衡产生比北方或西欧更大的影响。湖泊水量平衡对降水变化的敏感性取决于湖泊面积与集水面积的比值：比值越大，敏感性越高。一个湖泊变得敏感的湖泊面积与集水面积之比随降水变化的幅度而变化。湖泊研究有可能为记录和解释整个欧洲的全新世气候变化做出重大贡献。为了充分利用这些档案，需要继续改进现有的湖泊数据库（包括改进湖泊年表），同时应用地质统计和建模技术。
Lake records provide an important source of information about climate changes on submillenial to millenial timescales during the Holocene. Analyses of lake records from Europe show that there are regionally-coherent patterns of change in lake status (a qualitative index of changes in water depth, area or volume) through the Holocene, reflecting climatically-induced changes in regional water budgets. Rapid changes in lake status occur in many regions of Europe between 9500–9000, 7500–7000 and 4500–4000 yr BP This apparent synchroneity in the timing of changes, although the direction varies from region to region, indicates that the changes in lake status are driven by changes in regional water balance caused by major reorganisations of the atmospheric circulation. Modelling studies indicate that changes in precipitation are the most important cause of changes in lake behaviour across Europe, because the lake water balance in temperate humid regions is largely controlled by runoff from the catchment. Changes in winter precipitation produce a much larger change in runoff and hence in lake response, than changes during the summer growing season. Sensitivity to precipitation changes is enhanced where solar radiation receipts are high: a given change in precipitation will therefore produce a larger response in the lake water balance in southern and eastern Europe than in northern or western Europe. The sensitivity of the lake water balance to changes in precipitation is dependent on the ratio of lake area to catchment area: sensitivity increases as the ratio becomes larger. The lake area to catchment area ratio at which a lake become sensitive varies with the magnitude of the precipitation change. Lake studies have the potential to contribute significantly to documenting and explaining Holocene climate changes across Europe. Continued improvements to the existing lake data base (including improvements to the lake chronologies), coupled with the application of geostatistical and modelling techniques will be required in order to exploit these archives fully.