Correlations among species distributions, human density and human infrastructure across the high biodiversity tropical mountains of Africa
Correlations among species distributions, human density and human infrastructure across the high biodiversity tropical mountains of Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2006.08.024
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Williams, Paul H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burgess, Neil D.;Balmford, Andrew;Williams, Paul H.
本文探讨了三个非洲热带山脉（比夫兰森林和高地内的东弧、艾伯丁裂谷和喀麦隆-尼日利亚山脉）的脊椎动物和植物生物多样性值（物种丰富度、范围大小稀有度和IUCN红色名录受威胁物种的数量或比例）的空间变化是否与威胁的替代措施（人口密度和人类基础设施）共变。我们发现，在这三个热带非洲山脉的物种丰富度，范围大小的稀有性和受威胁物种的分数都显着高于整个撒哈拉以南非洲的其他地区。与撒哈拉以南非洲其他地区相比，只有艾伯丁裂谷山脉的人口密度高得多，而只有艾伯丁裂谷山脉和尼日利亚-喀麦隆山脉的人类基础设施高得多。从统计数据来看，在三个热带非洲山脉和整个撒哈拉以南非洲地区，人口密度与物种丰富度、特有性和受威胁物种的密度或比例之间存在很强的正相关关系。Kendall部分等级顺序相关性表明，在整个非洲热带山区，与生物多样性价值相关性最好的是人口密度，而不是人类基础设施。但撒哈拉以南非洲的情况并非如此，那里的人口密度和人类基础设施与生物多样性价值几乎同样相关。非洲热带山区面临的主要养护挑战是农村人口相当密集和贫穷，他们的生计依赖农业。保护战略必须解决农业生产和扩大问题，在某些情况下，要跨越边界，进入现有的保护区。战略还必须维持或最终确定一个适当的保护区网络。这些战略的实施不能与当地居民发生冲突，而必须设法为居住在剩余森林地区附近的居民提供惠益，以换取他们协助保护森林生境、其生物多样性及其生态系统功能。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
This paper explores whether spatial variation in the biodiversity values of vertebrates and plants (species richness, range-size rarity and number or proportion of IUCN Red Listed threatened species) of three African tropical mountain ranges (Eastern Arc, Albertine Rift and Cameroon-Nigeria mountains within the Biafran Forests and Highlands) co-vary with proxy measures of threat (human population density and human infrastructure). We find that species richness, range-size rarity, and threatened species scores are all significantly higher in these three tropical African mountain ranges than across the rest of sub-Saharan Africa. When compared with the rest of sub-Saharan Africa, human population density is only significantly higher in the Albertine Rift mountains, whereas human infrastructure is only significantly higher in the Albertine Rift and the Cameroon-Nigeria mountains. Statistically there are strong positive correlations between human density and species richness, endemism and density or proportion of threatened species across the three tropical African mountain ranges, and all of sub-Saharan Africa. Kendall partial rank-order correlation shows that across the African tropical mountains human population density, but not human infrastructure, best correlates with biodiversity values. This is not the case across all of sub-Saharan Africa where human density and human infrastructure both correlate almost equally well with biodiversity values. The primary conservation challenge in the African tropical mountains is a fairly dense and poor rural population that is reliant on farming for their livelihood. Conservation strategies have to address agricultural production and expansion, in some cases across the boundaries and into existing reserves. Strategies also have to maintain, or finalise, an adequate protected area network. Such strategies cannot be implemented in conflict with the local population, but have to find ways to provide benefits to the people living adjacent to the remaining forested areas, in return for their assistance in conserving the forest habitats, their biodiversity, and their ecosystem functions. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.